IP and MAC addressing

IP and MAC addressing

1. Course Name : computer Network
Course code : CSE 317

Topic : IP and MAC address



Submitted to
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer
CSE Department
City University, Dhaka

Submitted by
Shohana Akter Kakon
ID : 1834902539
Semester : 8
th

Batch : 49
th

2. IP and MAC Addressing

IP Address :
An IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or a
local network. IP stands for "Internet Protocol," which is the set of rules
governing the format of data sent via the internet or local network.

Network ID and Host ID

Network ID
Network ID is the portion of an IP address that identifies the TCP/IP network
on which a host resides. The network ID portion of an IP address uniquely
identifies the host’s network on an internetwork, while the host ID portion of
the IP address identifies the host within its network. Together, the host ID and
network ID, which make up the entire IP address of a host, uniquely identify
the host on a TCP/IP internetwork

Host ID
The Host ID is the portion of an IP address that uniquely identifies a host on a
given TCP/IP network. You find the host ID by logically NAN Ding the binary
form of the IP address with the binary form of the subnet mask for the
network

Classification of IP Address

Class A Network
This IP address class is used when there are a large number of hosts. In a Class
A type of network, the first 8 bits (also called the first octet) identify the
network, and the remaining have 24 bits for the host into that network.

3. Class B Network
In a B class IP address, the binary addresses start with 10. In this IP address, the
class decimal number that can be between 128 to 191. The number 127 is
reserved for loopback, which is used for internal testing on the local machine.
The first 16 bits (known as two octets) help you identify the network. The other
remaining 16 bits indicate the host within the network.

Class C Network
Class C is a type of IP address that is used for the small network. In this
class, three octets are used to indent the network. This IP ranges between
192 to 223.
In this type of network addressing method, the first two bits are set to be 1,
and the third bit is set to 0, which makes the first 24 bits of the address
them and the remaining bit as the host address. Mostly local area network
used Class C IP address to connect with the network.

Class D Network
Class D addresses are only used for multicasting applications. Class D is never
used for regular networking operations. This class addresses the first three bits
set to "1" and their fourth bit set to use for "0". Class D addresses are 32-bit
network addresses. All the values within the range are used to identify
multicast groups uniquely.


MAC Address
MAC address is a unique identifier that is assigned to a NIC (Network Interface
Controller/ Card). It consists of a 48 bit or 64-bit address, which is associated
with the network adapter. MAC address can be in hexadecimal format. The full
form of MAC address is Media Access Control address.

4. https://www.guru99.com/ip-address-classes.html
https://www.guru99.com/what-is-mac-address.html