IS&C-Lecture-2.pdf full training lgd slkjgdgj

thre training that tells a lot about security in information systems

1. LECTURE 2: ACCESS CONTROL
2.1INTRODUCTION
•Accesscontrolinvolvesmanagingandregulatingwhocanaccesswhatresources
withinasystemornetwork.Implementingaccesscontroltypicallyinvolvesseveral
procedures:
Identification:Usersmustpresentanidentity,usuallyausernameorID,toaccess
resources.Thisidentificationisthefirststepintheaccesscontrolprocess.
Authentication:Afteridentification,usersmustauthenticatetheiridentity.This
stepconfirmsthattheuseriswhotheyclaimtobe.Authenticationmethods
includepasswords,biometrics,smartcards,ortwo-factorauthentication.
Authorization:Onceauthenticated,usersaregrantedaccesspermissionsbased
ontheirroleorspecificneeds.Authorizationdetermineswhatresourcesthe
authenticatedusercanaccessandwhatactionstheycanperformwithinthose
resources.
AccessControlLists(ACLs):ACLsarelistsattachedtoresourcesthatspecify
whichusersorsystemprocessesaregrantedaccessandwhatoperationsare
allowedonthoseresources.
LeastPrivilegePrinciple:Thisprincipleadvocatesgrantinguserstheminimum
permissionstheyneedtoperformtheirjobresponsibilities.Itlimitspotential
damagecausedbycompromisedaccounts.

2. 2.11ACCESSCONTROLIMPLEMENTATION(U
•Toimplementaccesscontroleffectively,usethefollowingtechniques:
•UserAccountManagement
•Role-BasedAccessControl(RBAC)
•ImplementAccessControlTechnologies
•RegularAuditsandReviews
•EducationandTraining

3. 2.12USERACCOUNTMANAGEMENT
•Toproperlymanageuseraccounts,youcanusethefollowingtechniques
•Create,manage,anddeactivateuseraccountssecurely
•Enforcestrongpasswordpolicies
•Enablemulti-factorauthentication
•Periodicallyreviewandupdateaccessprivileges

4. 2.13ROLEBASEDACCESSCONTROL
•ToeffectivelyimplementRoleBasedAccessControl,youcanusethefollowing
techniques:
•Organizeusersintorolesorgroupsbasedontheirresponsibilities.
•Assignpermissionstorolesratherthanindividuals.
•Thissimplifiesadministrationandensuresconsistency.

5. 2.14ACCESSCONTROLTECHNOLOGIES
•Toeffectivelyimplementaccesscontroltechnologies,youcanusethefollowing
techniques:
•Deployaccesscontroltechnologiessuchas
•Firewalls
•VPNs
•Encryption
•IntrusionDetectionSystems
•Thisistosecuredifferentlayersofthenetwork.

6. 2.15REGULARAUDITSANDREVIEWSANDTRAINING
•RegularAuditsandReviews
•Forefficientauditsandreviews,dothefollowing:
•Conductperiodicauditstoreviewaccesslogs,permissions,anduseractivities.
•Removeormodifyunnecessarypermissionsandaccounts.
•EducationandTraining
•Foreffectiveeducationandtrainingtousers,dothefollowing:
•Trainusersabouttheimportanceofaccesscontrol,safepasswordpractices,
andtherisksassociatedwithgrantingexcessivepermissions.

7. 2.16CONCLUSION
•Byimplementingtheseprocedures,organizationscanmaintainarobustaccess
controlframework,mitigatingunauthorizedaccessandreducingtherisksofdata
breachesorsystemcompromises.

8. LECTURE 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1.Describeascenariowhereyouhadtobalanceusabilityandsecurityin
implementingaccesscontrolmeasures.Howdidyouapproachthischallenge?
2.Howdoyouensurethataccesscontrolpoliciesremaineffectiveasacompany
growsandchanges?
3.Canyouexplainthedifferencesbetweendiscretionaryaccesscontrol(DAC)and
mandatoryaccesscontrol(MAC)?
4.Howdoyouhandlesituationswhereauserrequiresimmediateaccesstoa
resourcethey'renotauthorizedtoaccess?
5.Explaintheconceptoftheprincipleofleastprivilegeanditsimportanceinaccess
control.
6.Howdoyouapproachtheimplementationofmulti-factorauthentication(MFA)
withinanorganization?
7.Canyoudiscussatimewhenyouidentifiedavulnerabilityinaccesscontrolsand
howyouremediatedit?
8.Howdoyouensurethataccesscontrolmeasurescomplywithindustry
regulationsandstandards?
9.Inwhatwaysdoyoumanageandmitigateinsiderthreatsthroughaccesscontrol?
10.Describeasituationwhereyouhadtocommunicatecomplexaccesscontrol
issuestonon-technicalstakeholders.Howdidyouensuretheirunderstanding?