ITP preparation - reading skills yes.pptx

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1. READING COMPREHENSION

2. READING COMPREHENSION Total questions : 50 questions Time allocation : 55 minutes Each question : about 66 seconds Total passages : 5 reading passages Topics : often informational subjects that might be studied in an American university, such as American history, literature, art, geology, architecture, geography, astronomy, etc.

3. Types of Questions Reading comprehension asking about information given in the passages, such as main idea questions, directly answered questions, detail questions, and implied detail questions. Vocabulary asking about the meaning of a word in the reading passages.

4. General Strategies Be familiar with the directions Do not spend too much time reading the passages Do not worry if a reading passage is on a topic that you are unfamiliar with Never leave any answer blank on your answer sheet

5. Skill 1: Answer Main Idea Questions How to identify the question What is the topic/subject/main idea of the passage? What is the author’s main point in the passage? With what is the author primarily concerned ? Which of the following would be the best title ? Where to find the answer At the first sentence of each paragraph How to answer the question - Read the first line of each paragraph - Look for a common theme or idea in the first lines - Pass your eyes quickly over the rest of the passage - Choose the best answer

6. Skill 2: Recognize the Organization of Ideas How the ideas in one paragraph relates to the ideas in another paragraph (description, discussion, comparison, contrast, etc) How to identify the questions How is the information in the passage organized? How is the information in the second paragraph relates to the information in the first paragraph? Where to find the answers The first sentence of the appropriate paragraph How to answer the question - Read the first line of each paragraph - Look for words that show the relationship between the paragraphs - Choose the best answer that best expresses the relationship

7. Skill 3: Answer Stated Detailed Questions Asking about one piece of information in the passage rather than the passage as a whole How to identify a question According to the passage…. The author mentions that… It is stated in the passage that… The passage indicates that.. Which of the following is true … Where to find the answer The answers are found in order in the passage How to answer the questions - Choose a key word in the question - Skim in the appropriate part of the passage for the keyword or idea - Read the sentence that contains the keyword carefully - Choose the best answer

8. Skill 4: Find Unstated Details Find an answer that is not stated/not mentioned/not true in the passage. Two kinds of answers: a. Three true answers and one that is not discussed in the passage b. Three true answers and one that is false according to the passage How to identify the question Which of the following is not stated ….? Which of the following is not mentioned ….? Which of the following is not discussed ….? All of the following are true except ….?

9. Where to find the answer The answers are found in order in the passage How to answer the question - Choose a key word in the question - Scan in the appropriate place in the passage for the key word - Read the sentence that contains the key word or idea carefully - Look for answers that are definitely true according the passage. Eliminate those answers - Choose the answer that is not true or not discussed in the passage

10. Skill 5: Find Pronoun Referents Determine which noun a pronoun refers to. How to identify the question The pronoun “…” in line X refers to which of the following Where to find the answer The noun that the pronoun refers to is generally found before the pronoun. How to answer the questions - Find the pronoun in the passage - Look for nouns that come before the pronoun - Read the part of the passage before the pronoun carefully - Eliminate wrong answers and choose the best answer from remaining choices

11. Skill 6: Answer implied detailed questions The answer is not directly stated. We need to draw a conclusion from specific details in the passage. How to identify the question It is implie d in the passage that… It can be inferred from the passage that… It is most likely that…. What probably happened…? Where to find the answer The answers are found in order in the passage How to answer the questions - Choose a key word in the question - Scan the passage for the key word or related idea - Carefully read the sentence that contain the key word - Look for the answer that could be true according to that sentence

12. Skill 7: Answer transition questions correctly Questions about what probably comes before or after the reading passage How to identify the question The paragraph preceding the passage probably… What is most likely in the paragraph following the passage? Where to find the answer In the first line of the passage for a preceding question In the last line of the passage for a following question How to answer the questions - Read the first line for a preceding question - Read the last line for a following question - Draw a conclusion about what comes before or after - Choose the answer that is reflected in the first of last line of the passage

13. Skill 8: Find definition from structural clues There are structural clues to tell you that the definition of a word is included in the passage How to identify the question What is the meaning of…..? What is true about….? Types of clues Punctuation : comma, parentheses, dashes Restatement : or, that is, in other words, i.e. Examples : such as, for example, e.g. Where to find the answer It is found after the punctuation clue, the restatement clue, or the example clue

14. How to find the answer - Find the word in the passage - Locate any structural clues - Read the passage after the structural clue carefully - Eliminate any definitely wrong answer - Choose the best answer from the remaining choices

15. Skill 9: Determine meaning form word parts It is sometimes possible to determine the meaning of the word by studying the word parts. Example: PART MEANING EXAMPLE Mis Error Mistake Dec Ten Decade Multi Many Multiple Sol One Solo Spec See Spectator Mal Bad malfunction Dic Say Dictate

16. Skill 10: Use context to determine meanings of difficult words Determine the meaning of a difficult word that you are not expected to know. In this case the passage will give you a clear indication of what the word means. Example: ….. The barges headed across the lake…… The question: A barge is probably which of the following? A train A plane A bicycle A boat

17. Skill 11: Use context to determine meanings of simple words You should not give the normal everyday meaning of the words, instead it wants to know the meaning of the word in this situation. Example: ….. He puts his answer this way…… The question: The word put is closest in meaning to which of the following? Placed Set Expressed Handed

18. Skill 1 1 : Determine where specific information is found Determine in the passage where a piece of information is found How to identify the question Where in the passage.... Where to find the answer The answer can be in any of the lines listed in the answers to the question How to answer the question Choose the key word or idea in the question Skim the lines in the passage that are listed in the anwers to the question. You should skim for the key word or idea Choose the answer that contains the line numbers of a restatement of the question