IX_IT_ICT_Skills_PPTOFF HIN GTF CT ICT .pdf

ICT SKILLS GRADE 9B

1. CLASS: IX
SUBJECT: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Chapter 3: Information and Communication
Technology Skills

2. Introduction to ICT
ICTstandsforInformationandCommunicationTechnology.Itincludesa
diversesetoftechnologicaltoolsandresourcesusedtocommunicate,
create,disseminate,store,andmanageinformation.
ICTincludescomputers,theInternet,broadcastingtechnologies(radioand
television)andtelephony.
Informationcanberecordedorstoredinmanyways.Itcanbehand-written
onpaper,typedusingatypewriteroracomputerandsoon.When
informationisstoredandrecordedonelectronicdevices,ittakesona‘digital’
form.ICTdevicesaretablet,smartphonesandlaptops.
Inthissection,wewillreadaboutthefunctioningofsomedeviceswhichwe
useindailylife.

3. ICT at Workplace
ICTisaveryimportantpartoftheworkplace.AlmostallthesectorsoftheeconomyuseICT
tostoreinformationandforthetransactionofmoney.Nowadaysalltheinformationisbeing
digitalisedasitisveryeasytosendtomanypeopleinaverylittletime.
Attheworkplace,weusedifferentprogramstocompleteourtaskslikeinbankingweuseICT
formaintainingrecordsofpeopleandforthetransactionofmoney.Inthesamemanner,we
usecomputersforeditingvideos,bookingtickets,animating,recording,storingdataetc.
ICT at Home
ICThasalsobecomeapartofourhomeappliances.ThesedaysTelevisionisvery
commonineveryhouseforentertainmentandMobileforcalling.Nowmobileisalso
usedforonlineclasses.Smartphoneswithinternetconnectionsareveryhelpfulto
stayconnectedwithourfriends,familythroughFacebook,Instagrametc.

4. ICT Tools: SMARTPHONES AND TABLET-I

5. Difference between a Smartphone and Tablet

6. TV and Radio: TV and radio are being used as an ICT tool since a long time. Radio is used to broadcast audio while TV
is used to broadcast audio-visual information to many people. Radio and TV are used for both entertainment and to learn
new things. You can hear news, songs, stories, speeches, cricket commentary, etc., on radio, while TV is used for
watching movies, news, weather forecast, songs, cartoons and educational lectures.
Applications or apps: Apps are software programs (a set of instructions, or a set of modules or procedures, that allow
for a certain type of computer operation) that perform different functions. Some of the apps are already present on the
phone or tablet. These are called “default” apps.
There are many apps present in an online stores like google play store and Apple App Store. We can purchase or
download it free of cost.
Commonly found applications

8. To operate your smartphone, you need to know about basic controls and functions and their uses.
Mobile Device Layout
ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets-II

9. Basic feature of Mobile Device

10. StatusBar:ThetoppartofScreeniscalledthe
StatusBar.Itshowsiconsofnetworksignal,
batterylife,Wi-FiandBluetoothconnectivityetc.
MiddlePart:Itconsistsoficonsofapplications.
Thesecanbeplacedanywhere.Therecanbe
severalpagesoficons.
Dock:Itisthelowerpartofthescreen.Theappsin
thisareacanalwaysseenevenifwemovetoa
differentpage.
Home Screen of a Mobile Device

11. Gestures are used to interact with the touchscreen of the mobile device. Some gesture as follows:
•Tap:Touchthescreenwithyourfinger,once,toclick.
•Tapandhold:Thisissimilartoright-clickingyourmouse.
•Drag:Totap,holdandmoveyourfingeracrossthescreen.
•Swipe:Toslidefingertotheright,left,upordownofthescreenliketurningapage.
•Doubletap:Totaptwicequickly─thisistozoomout(increasethesizeof)ofsomething.
Forexample,tomakeawordappearbigger.
•Pinch:Tobringthumbandfingertogetheronthescreen─tozoomin(reducethesize).
Forexample,tomakeapictureappearsmaller.
Basic gestures used

12. Parts of a Computer and Peripherals

14. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
It is the part of the computer which carries out all the tasks. It mainly processes the input data and gives the
output data.
There are three main components of a CPU
1.Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
2.Control Unit (CU)
3.Memory Unit (MU)
a. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)–Arithmetic and logical unit performs all arithmetic and logical
operations. for example subtraction, addition, division and multiplication.
b. Control Unit (CU)–Control Unit instructs the computer system to perform a particular task. It takes
instructions from memory and executes them.
c. Memory Unit (MU)–Memory Unit used to store data or instructions. there are two type of memory unit
Motherboard
Motherboard, also referred to as a system board, is the main circuit board inside a computer. It
connects input, processing and output devices.

20. Ports and connections
A port is a physical docking point using which an external device can be connected to the computer. We can
connect our keyboard, mouse, printer and scanner through the port
There are several types of ports that you can use to connect a computer to external devices.
a. Universal serial bus or the USB port –USB port is used to transfer data, It also works as an interface for
peripheral devices. It connects, such as a mouse or a keyboard or a printer to a computer using the cable.
b. Display port –Separate video connector is used for transmitting only video signals. Display port connect the
monitor to the display unit. Different types of video connector are available, like High Definition Multimedia
Interface (HDMI) and Video Graphics Array depending on the requirement.
c. Audio ports –Audio ports are used to connect speakers or other audio devices with the computer. like
headphones, speakers or microphone. headphones and speaker port is known as line out port and microphone
port is known as line in port.
d. Ethernet –Ethernet port is used for connecting computers to the network, with the ethernet port we can transfer
data from one computer to another or we can transfer high speed internet.
e. Power port –Power port is used for connecting the computer system to the power supply.

21. Computer hardware: The physical part of a computer which we can touch like monitor, CPU, UPS, keyboard,
Mouse etc are the hardware of the computer.
Software:The part that we cannot see or touch like programmes on a computer. The software makes
hardware work or interacts with humans. The most important software is OS (Operating System). It starts
working as soon as we start the computer. Example: Windows, Ubuntu, Linux etc.
Starting a computer To start a computer, press the Power button on the CPU. This will start the Windows
operating system and display the Windows desktop on the monitor.
Basic functions performed when a computer starts When we start the computer, it runs automatically a
basic program BIOS which self tests. If everything is ok then it runs OS and finally, the computer starts.
Login and logout
When multiple users use the same computer and want to secure their data separately then they can create
login IDs. each one has a different password to start the computer and after completing the task logout is done.
Shutting down a computer
It is a process to turn off the computer. To shut down the computer in Ubuntu by clicking “Systems” at the top
right and then click on Shut Down. In windows, we can click Alt+F4 to shut down the computer.
Basic Computer Operations

22. Keyboard:is an input device used to type text, numbers and commands into the computers. It has various keys i.e.
a.:Functionkeys–F1toF12arefunctionkeysinthekeyboard,functionkeysareusedforspecific
purposes.
b.Controlkeys–Keys,suchasControl(CTRL),SHIFT,SPACEBAR,ALT,CAPSLOCK,andTAB,
arespecialcontrolkeysthatperformspecialfunctionsdependingonwhenandwheretheyareused.
c.Enterkey–ENTERorRETURNkeysareknownasEnterkey,dependingonthebrandof
computerthatyouareusing.Itisusedtomovethecursortothebeginningofanewline.Insome
programs,itisusedtosendcommandsandtoconfirmataskonacomputer.
d.Punctuationkeys–Itincludeskeysforpunctuationmarks,suchascolon(:),semicolon(;),
questionmark(?),singlequotationmarks(‘’),anddoublequotationmarks(“”).

23. Keyboard:is an input device used to type text, numbers and commands into the computers. It has various keys i.e.
e.Navigationkeys–END,HOME,PAGEDOWN,PAGEUPandArrowkeysareknownasnavigation
keys,thesekeysareusedtomoveup,down,leftorrightinthedocument.
f.Commandkeys–BACKSPACE,INSERT(INS)andDELETE(DEL)areknownascommandkeys.
INSERTkeyallowsyoutooverwritecharacterstotherightside.TheDELETEcommandkeyand
BACKSPACE keyareusedtoremovetypedtext,character,oranyotherobjectsfromtherightandleft
sideofthecursor.
g.Windowskey–WindowskeyisusedtoopentheStartmenu.
h.NumbersKeys(0to9)
i.LetterKeys(A-Z,a-z)

24. Mouse: A mouse is a small device that you can use to move, select, and open items on your
computer screen.
Function of a mouse.
1)Point and click
2)Roll Over/Hover
3)Drag and Drop
4)Double Click

25. Files and folders
File: All information are kept in files. Files have names and extensions. Different files have different
extensions to identify the file types. Ex-.txt for text document, .jpeg for image, .avi for video etc
Folder:It is a location where a group of files can be stored. We can create a no. of folders inside the
folder. A folder within folded is called a subfolder.
Performing Basic File Operation

26. TheInternetisahugenetworkofcomputersaroundtheworld.UsingtheInternetyoucangetanyinformation
thatisstoredinawebpageontheWorldWideWeb.
Thereisnolimittowhatyoucandoonline,butsomeofthemostcommonusesare:
Communication and Networking -Basics of Internet

27. Types of connections
(a) Wired connections: When the internet is connected through a wired medium like ethernet cable.
(b) Wireless connection: When the internet is connected through a wireless medium like Wifi
Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in acertain amount of time.
In case of digital devices, the bandwidth is usually expressed in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second .
In case of analog devices, the bandwidth is expressed in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz).
Data transfer speed over the networks (including the internet) is calculated in terms of bits per second.
1 Kbps (kilo bits per second) = 1000 bits per second
1 Mbps (mega bits per second) = 1000 kilo bits per second
1 Gbps (giga bits per second) = 1,000 mega bits per second
Internet browser: The application software is used to visit websites. Example -Chrome, Firefox

28. World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW) or simply the Web is a huge collection of information as shown symbolically in Figure 3.42.
It is a vast network of linked hypertext files, stored on computers throughout the world, that can provide a computer user
with information on a huge variety of subjects. Thus, it serves as a platform through which users can use or share
information.
It is made up of
1) A web page : It is a document present on a computer that is connected to the Internet. There are hundreds of web
pages. Each web page has a unique address/location like the address of a house. We can use the address to see a
particular web page. For example, the address of NCERT is http://ncert.nic.in
2) A system to transfer information between the web browser and the web pages
3) A web browser: It (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for using and sharing information on
the World Wide Web. Ex-Chrome, Opera, Firefox
Communication and Networking-Internet Browsing

29. Important parts of a web browser
(i) Address bar:To type the address of the webpage
(ii) Tabbed browsing (Ctrl+T):It is used to view multiple web pages in the same
window
(iii) Back and forward buttons:Used to get back or next page
(iv) Refresh button (F5): To refresh the page

30. Electronic mail or e-mail is a quick way of sending messages to people using the Internet. Electronic
mail is a message sent over the Internet from one person to another. We can send videos, documents,
spreadsheets, etc., along with the e-mail as attachments.
E-mail ID or Address
The e-mail address is made up of two parts separated by the @ symbol. [email protected],
crackmycbse is the name given by the user and gmail.com domain which provides mail service
Benefits of using E-mails.
1.E-mails can be sent to multiple users along with the attachments.
2.They are fast as they reach anyone around the world immediately
3.It is free as most services do not charge money.
4.It is environment friendly, as no paper is used.
5.We can send images, videos and other type of files as attachments.
Communication and Networking —Introduction to e-Mail

31. Let us compare the way a postal mail and an e-mail is sent as shown in Table

32. Communication and Networking-Creating ane-MailAccount

33. Communication and Networking—Writing an e-Mail

35. Communication and Networking —Receiving and Replying to e-mails

37. THANK YOU