James_Webb_Telescope_Designed and it's working.pptx

It's about working of James web telescope

1. James Webb Space Telescope A Case Study on Infrared Astronomy & Space Engineering By: Shaikh Abdurrehman & Omkar Pansare Division B | Engineering Physics Professor: NRD Vidyalankar Institute of Technology

2. Introduction • The JWST is the most powerful space telescope ever built. • Launched: December 25, 2021 by NASA, ESA, and CSA. • Observes in infrared light to see distant cosmic objects. • Located at Lagrange Point L2, 1.5 million km from Earth.

3. Objectives • Study galaxies formed right after the Big Bang. • Observe star and planet formation. • Analyze exoplanet atmospheres. • Extend Hubble's discoveries in infrared.

4. Physics Principles • Infrared Radiation: detects cool/dust-obscured objects. • Reflection Optics: gold-coated beryllium mirrors. • Diffraction & Resolution: larger mirror → finer details. • Thermal Physics: instruments must stay below 50K.

5. Design & Instruments • 6.5 m segmented gold-coated mirror. • 5-layer sunshield blocks heat from the Sun. • Instruments: NIRCam, NIRSpec, MIRI, FGS/NIRISS. • Orbit: stable L2 position for cold environment.

6. Working Mechanism 1. Light enters telescope → hits mirrors. 2. Reflected to instruments → detected. 3. Data sent to Earth → processed & analyzed.

7. Discoveries • Oldest galaxies ever observed (~13 billion years). • Water & CO₂ found in exoplanet atmospheres. • Star formation seen in nebulae like Carina. • Enhanced galaxy evolution models.

8. Challenges • Complex deployment with 300+ single-use mechanisms. • Mirror alignment at cryogenic temperatures. • High cost: $10 billion & 20 years of development. • No physical repair possible at L2.

9. Future Scope • Study earliest galaxies & more exoplanets. • Help understand dark matter & dark energy. • Inspire next-gen telescopes. • Potential to detect biosignatures.

10. Conclusion & References • JWST merges physics & engineering beautifully. • Helps us understand universe formation. • References: NASA / ESA JWST galleries ESA Fact Sheet Wikimedia Commons (public domain images)