Jaundice

Jaundice explained, with revision of cyanosis

1. JAUNDICE

2. Cyanosis occur when deoxy HB exceed ……. in Capillary blood a . 8 gm /dl b . 2 gm /dl c . 5 gm /dl d. 3 gm /dl

3. In peripheral cyanosis which is true a. extremeties are cold b. tongue is involved c. arterial oxygen saturation is normal d. improve with warming E. improve by oxygen supplementation

4. In central cyanosis which is true a. clubbing may be present b . tongue is involved c . arterial oxygen saturation is normal d. improve with warming E. may improve by oxygen supplementation

5. Jaundice = Icterus

6. Definition Yellowish discoloration of skin, Mucous membranes due to increased level of bilirubin more than 2.5 mg/dl Bilirubin > 2.5 mg/ dl

7. Normal bilirubin is less than 1-1.3 mg /dl Levels between 1-2.5 mg/dl is considered sub clinical (sub-icteric)

8. Site of examination Sclera (lower fornix) and soft palate

9. Bilirubin metabolism

10. Hemolytic Jaundice

11. Hemolytic jaundice Lemon yellow Pallor Normal urine- acholuric (darken on standing) Dark stool

12. Hepatocellualr jaundice

13. Hepatocellualr jaundice Orange yellow Manifestations of Hepatocellular failure, Cirrhosis Dark urine Clay stool

14. Obstructive Jaundice

15. Obstructive Jaundice Olive green (deep) Itching Frothy Dark urine Clay stool Steatorhea

16. Unilateral jaundice

17. DD Of jaundice Racial in Negros Atebrin Hypercarotimemia (not in sclera) Picric acid toxicity Uremia Xanthomatosis

18. Hypercarotenaemia (not in sclera)

19. Thanks