Joints.pptx

Joints

1. JOINTS OF STERNUM 1. MANUBRIOSTERNAL JOINT: 2 nd ar y cartilaginous joint, symphysis between Manubrium and body of Sternum 2. XIPHISTERNAL JOINT Primar y cartilaginous joint between Xiphoid process and body of Sternum The Xiphoid process usually fuses with the body of the Sternum during middle age

2. JOINTS OF RIBS 1. COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINTS: 2 joints between heads of the Ribs and bodies of Vertebrae (corresponding and upper)- Plane, Synovial joints 1 st , 10 th , 11 th and 12 th rib has 1 synovial joint with the corresponding vertebra, the rest have 2 each; one for the corresponding vertebra and the other for the vertebra above it 1 joint between tubercle of Ribs and transverse process of Vertebra (corresponding) – Plane, Synovial joint (1 st - 10 th Rib) Intra articular ligament connects head of Rib to the intervertebral disc

3. JOINTS OF RIBS 2. COSTOCHONDRAL JOINTS: Joints of the Ribs with costal cartilages Primary Cartilaginous joints 3. STERNOCOSTAL JOINTS: Joints between Sternum and costal cartilages 1 st : Primary Cartilaginous joint 2 nd – 10 th : Plane, Synovial joints= 2 nd -7 th costal cartilages with Sternum 8 th -10 th costal cartilages with each other (11 th and 12 th costal cartilages are embedded in muscles)

4. M O VE M EN T S Cartilaginous joints are immobile (thus 1 st rib and all costochondral joints do not move during respiration) Synovial joints are slightly mobile (due to movements in both the joints between head, tubercle and vertebrae, necks of Ribs rotate along their axis, helping in raising and lowering of ribs during respiration)

5. Cervical Rib (Accessory Rib) Occurs in 0.5% population There is an extra pair of ribs just above the 1 st rib They arise from the transverse process of C7 vertebrae Anteriorly, they may be attached to 1 st Rib or may be free Clinical Anatomy: Cervical Rib may compress Brachial plexus/Subclavian artery; causing Klumpke’s paralysis/Ischemia