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THIS IS A PRESENTATION ABOUT THE JOINT SECTOR AND PUBLIC SECTOR

1. Joint Sector & Cooperative Sector 1

2. Meaning Joint Sector Joint sector industries are owned jointly by the government and private individuals who have contributed to the capital. In joint sector, both public sector and private sector join hands to establish new enterprise. It combines merits of both public and private sector. The concept of joint sector matches with the concept of mixed economy. As mixed economy is the combination of both capitalism and socialism, joint sector is combination of both public sector and private sector. 2

3. Features In joint sector financial participation is 26 % from the government, 25% from private enterprise and 49% from public and financial institutions. In case of a foreign collaboration or participation with domestic partner, the share of government will be 25% ,Indian business concern 20%, foreign investor 20% and public 35% in the paid up capital. No single party can hold more than 25% of the shares without the sanction of central government. 3

4. Merits of Joint Sector Social control over industries Failures of Private and Public sector Compromise and solution of both sector Instrument of industrial growth and regional development Strategy of state sponsored industrialization Removal of the contradictions involved in the concept of mixed economy Mobilization of financial, Technical and managerial Resources 4

5. Demerits of Joint Sector Corruption Quality of services Evaluation Wealth creation Monopoly Drawbacks of Public sector Limitations of private sector. 5

6. Cooperative Sector It refers to the sector which is voluntary association of persons owned and managed for their or sometimes the communities benefit. A cooperative is a legal entity with several Corporate features, such as limited liability, an unlimited life span, an elected board of directors. Members or Owners pay annual fees to the cooperative and share profits. 6

7. Definition A cooperative organization is an association of persons, usually of limited means, who have voluntarily joined to achieve a common economic and through the formation of a democratically controlled organization , making equitable contributions to the capital required and accepting a fair share of risks and benefits of the undertaking. Co-operatives are autonomous associations formed and democratically directed by people who come together to meet common economic, social, and cultural needs. Founded on the principle of participatory governance, co-ops are governed by those who use their services: their members. 7

8. Features Voluntary association Open membership Legal entity Equal voting right Service Motive Co-operation among Co-operatives Concern for community 8

9. Types of Cooperatives Consumer’s Cooperative Societies Producer’s Cooperative Societies Marketing Cooperative Societies Housing Cooperative Societies Credit Cooperative Societies Cooperative Framing Societies 9

10. Merits Of Cooperatives Easy Formation Open membership Democratic Control Limited liability Elimination of Middlemen’s profit State Assistance Stable Life 10

11. Demerits of Cooperatives Limited Capital Problems in management Lack of motivation Lack of Cooperation Dependence on government 11

12. Example Amul ( Anand Milk Union Limited), formed in 1946, is a Dairy co-operative movement in India. Which today is jointly owned by some 2.6 million milk producers in Gujarat , India. Indian Coffee House Adrash Co-operative Bank Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat Papad 12

13. References Business Environment by Veera karoli Business Environment by Rosy Joshi & Sangam kapoor 13

14. Thank you -BY S.VAISHNAV GAUTAM 14