Knee

#physiotherapy#Knee_articulation

1. Presented by: PRINCE B.P.T. 2 nd Year KNEE JOINT Articulations - prince_physio

2. Introduction The knee is the largest joint and one of the most important joints in the body. It plays an essential role in movement related to carrying the body weight in horizontal (running and walking) and vertical (jumping) directions.  It is the largest joint in the human body. The knee is a modified  hinge joint , which permits  flexion  and  extension  , very minor abduction and adduction as well as slight internal and external rotation. It is often termed a  compound joint  having  tibiofemoral  and  patellofemoral  components. -prince_physio

3. Articulations The  knee  joins the  thigh  with the  leg  and consists of two  joints One between the  femur  and  tibia  ( tibiofemoral joint), and one between the femur and  patella  ( patellofemoral joint). It consists of three joints: Two condylar joints- Tibiofemoral Medial: b/w Medial condyles of femur and tibia Lateral- b/w Lateral condyles of femur and tibia A saddle joint- Patellofemoral b/w patella & tibia -prince_physio

4. Articular bodies Femur -prince_physio

5. In frontal plane, Because of medail obliquity, Lateral condyl lies more directly in line wih the shaft than does the medial condyle . Medial condyle extends more distally, distal end of femur remains horizontal despite angulation of femur’s shaft. In saggital plane, Condyles have convex shape with smaller posterior radius. Lateral condylre is shifted anteriorly . -prince_physio

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9. tibia -prince_physio

10. Medial plateau is longer in AP direction, Lateral tibial articular cartilage is thicker. Head overhangs posteriorly . Posterior sloping is also there of 7-10 degrees, this conduces flexion of TF joint. Condyles are separated by Intercondylar tubercles, which gets loged in with intercondylar notch of femur in full knee extension. -prince_physio

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13. Patellofemoral joint. The  patella  also serves an articular body, and its posterior surface is referred to as the trochlea of the knee. Odd facet is present on medial aspect. It is inserted into the thin anterior wall of the joint capsule. On its posterior surface is a lateral and a medial articular surface, both of which communicate with the  patellar surface  which unites the two femoral condyles on the anterior side of the bone's distal end. Insall Salvati Index: Ratio of length of patellar tendon with length of patella 1:1 Patella Alta- Longer tendon, than patella. -prince_physio

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16. Thank You. -prince_physio