Kohlberg's & Giligan's theory on morality

Lawrence Kohlberg, the famous psychologist developed his six-stage theory on moral development which became popular as Kohlberg’s theory of moral & development.

Three levels of pyramid -

Pre-Conventional Level – This level consist of two bottom stages of pyramid which show that an individual tend to behave morally only to avoid punishment or get reward as appreciation to good work. Mostly children from birth to 9 years of age are found at this stage of morality.

Conventional Level – This level consist of next two stages of pyramid which show that an individual tend to act morally to show oneself as a good person and to be respectful towards law and order. Approximate age of individual falling in this category is 9 to 20 years.

Post-Conventional Level – This level consist of two topmost stages of pyramid which shows the highest level of an individual’s morality and development as one tends to act in way that is based on justice in society and being ethical. Age 20 years onwards.

Giligan's theory -
Gilligan was a student of Developmental Psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, who introduced the theory of stages of moral development

Carol Giligan opined that Kohlberg’s theory on morality was biased upon male thinking process and did not address the gender differences of moral development

She believed men and women exhibit different behaviour where women are more emotional, caring and understand inter-personal relationship well

Three levels-
Pre-conventional : A person in this stage cares for oneself to ensure survival.
Conventional : In this stage the person feels responsible and show care towards other persons.
Post- conventional : This is the stage where the principle of care for oneself and others is accepted.

Care based Morality
Avoidance of violence
Helping those in need
Respect and dignity
Linked to emotion and feeling
Maintenance of harmony & relation
Found mostly in girls

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1. DEVTECH FINANCE BUSINESS ETHICS & CORPORATE GOVERNANCE KOHLBERG’S & GILIGAN’S THEORY

2. KOHLBERG’S THEORY ON MORALITY Lawrence Kohlberg, the famous psychologist developed his six-stage theory on moral development which became popular as K ohlberg’s theory of moral & development.

3. KOHLBERG’S THEORY ON MORALITY Pre-Conventional Level – This level consist of two bottom stages of pyramid which show that an individual tend to behave morally only to avoid punishment or get reward as appreciation to good work. Mostly children from birth to 9 years of age are found at this stage of morality. Conventional Level – This level consist of next two stages of pyramid which show that an individual tend to act morally to show oneself as a good person and to be respectful towards law and order. Approximate age of individual falling in this category is 9 to 20 years. Post-Conventional Level – This level consist of two topmost stages of pyramid which shows the highest level of an individual’s morality and development as one tends to act in way that is based on justice in society and being ethical. Age 20 years onwads .

4. GILIGAN’S THEORY ON MORALITY Gilligan was a student of Developmental Psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, who introduced the theory of stages of moral development Carol Giligan opined that Kohlberg’s theory on morality was biased upon male thinking process and did not address the gender differences of moral development She believed men and women exhibit different behaviour where women are more emotional, caring and understand inter-personal relationship well

5. GILIGAN’S THEORY ON MORALITY This is the stage where the principle of care for oneself and others is accepted. In this stage the person feels responsible and show care towards other persons. A person in this stage cares for oneself to ensure survival.

6. GILIGAN’S THEORY ON MORALITY Care based Morality Avoidance of violence Helping those in need Respect and dignity Linked to emotion and feeling Maintenance of harmony & relation Found mostly in girls Justice based Morality Focuses on equality Avoidance of discrimination Duties and obligation Rational decision making Impartiality Found mostly in boys

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