L-10_Turnip.ppsx production technology of turnip

Production technology of turning

1. Turnip

2. ☻TurnipisamaincoolseasoncropInHimachal
Pradesh.
☻Itisgrownasacashcropduringsummermonthsin
dryandwettemperatezonesandonlyasawinter
cropinthesub-temperateandsub-tropicalregions.
BotanicalName: BrassicarapaL.
Family: Brassicaceae
Chromosomenumber2n=2x=20
Origin : i. Mediterranean (European type)
ii.Eastern Afganistan

3. Uses
☻Itisgrownforelongatedrootsaswellasfor
itsfoliage.
☻Freshrootsareconsumedinsaladsor
cookedasavegetableorusedinpickles.
☻TheturnipgreensarerichinvitaminAand
Candcontainappreciableamountof
vitaminB.
☻AgoodsourceofCa,PandFe.
☻Thegreensaremostlyfedtoanimalsand
seldomusedasgreenvegetables.

4. Varieties
Asiatic/tropical/subtropical
type
European/TemperateType
Morepungent
Betterforpickles
Earlier&moreheat
tolerant.
Sweeterandmorepalatable.
PusaKanchan
PusaSweti
PunjabSafed-4
PurpleTopWhiteGlobe
GoldenBall
SnowBall
EarlyMilanRedTop
PusaChandrima
PusaSwarnima.

5. Varieties recommended for Himachal Pradesh
Asiatictype EuropeanType
1.Pusa Sweti,
2. Pusa Swarnima
1. Purple Top White Globe
2. Snowball
3. Pusa Chandrima
4.Pusa Swarnima
Snowball PTWG

6. ♠Amoderatelydeep,friable,fertileandwell
drainedsoilisidealforturnip.
♠Extremelyclaysoilsandverysandysoils
shouldbeavoided.
♠SuitablepHforitsgoodgrowthis5.5-6.8.
Soils

7. Climate
☻Itisbestadaptedtoacoolormoderateclimate.
☻Itisahardcropandcantoleratefrostandmildly
freezingtemperatures.
☻Therootsbecomewoody,toughandbitterintaste
inhotweather.
☻Ontheotherhand,temperaturebelow10
o
Clikely
tocauseflowering.
☻10-13
o
Cairtemperatureand18-23
o
Csoil
temperatureisthemostfavourableforroot
developmentandtheratioofroot/green.
☻Asiaticvarietiesrequirewarmerconditionsare
sownearlierthanEuropeantypes.

8. Sowing Time
Seed Rate
Northern Indian plainsSeptember-December
Himachal Pradesh
Low Hills September-November
Mid Hills August –October
High Hills April –July
4 -4.5 kg/ha

9. Spacing
30-45cm X 7.5-15cm
30 cm X 10cm(H.P.)
◙Mixtheseedswithsandorashtofacilitate
uniformsowing
◙Sowingdepthis1.5-2.5cmontheridges.
◙Aftergerminationmaintainthedistance
betweentheplantswithinrowbyfollowing
thinningofplants.
Manures and Fertilizers
Same as carrot

10. ►Thinningisimportanttomaintainoptimumplantto
plantspacingandrequiredpopulation.
►Plantshouldbeearthedup25-30daysaftersowingat
thetimeoftopdressingoffertilizers.
►Earthingupisalsonecessarytogetwelldeveloped,
andqualityrootsasgenerallythegrowingrootstend
topushoutofthesoil.
►Pre-emergenceapplicationoffollowingherbicidesis
veryusefulforeffectiveweedcontrol
Pendimethalin1.2kga.i./haor
Alachlor1.5kga.i./haor
Fluchloralin(Basalin)@0.9kga.i./haor
Isoproturan1.0kga.i./haor
[email protected]./ha.
Interculture and weed control

11. Irrigation
╠Apre-sowingirrigationistobegiventohelptheseeds
absorbmoistureandgerminateproperly.
╠Irrigationfrequencyandwaterquantitiesaredepend
ontheplantingseasonandavailablesoilmoisture.
╠Thesoilshouldhavesufficientmoisturetoobtain
tenderandattractiveroots.
╠Thewaterrequirementwouldbeabout300mm.
╠Ingeneral,thecropisirrigatedevery10-15days.

12. Harvesting
☻Turnipsshouldbeharvestedsoonafterreachingsuitablesize,
sincethequalityrapidlydeteriorate.
☻Adesirablesizeis5-7.5cmindiameter.
☻Largerrootsoftencausepoortextureandbittertaste.
☻Alightirrigationmaybegivenbeforeharvestingtofacilitate
lifting.
☻Harvestedrootsarecleaned,topsarecutandrootsaregraded
accordingtosizeandtenderness
Yield
250-300q/ha

13. Diseases
1.Powdery mildew
2.Downy mildew
3.Soft rot
4.Dry rot
5.Brown Heart
6.Phyllody: Malformation of flowering shoots
affecting the normal fruit set
7.Turnip mosaic virus
Insects
Aphids, Mustard saw fly, Flea Beetle, Gall Weevil