Lab No.1 Neoplasia.pdf’………………………………………..

Lab No.1 Neoplasia.pdf …………………………………..

1. Neoplasia
Babylon University
College of Medicine
Department of Pathology
نياثلا سيارلدا لصفلا
Lab No.1 for 3
rd
Stage

2. Neoplasia
Isanabnormalmassoftissue,the
growthofwhichisexceedsand
uncoordinatedthatofnormaltissue,
anditpersistsevenaftercessationof
theexternalstimuliwhichevokedthe
change.
Neoplasiaisdividedintobenignand
malignanttumors.

3. Differences between Benign and malignant tumours:
Malignant BenignFeature
Many differ from tissue of origin.
Nuclei are enlarge, pleomorphic,
hyperchromatic, prominent
nucleoli, increase mitotic
activity and abnormalmitosis,
increase N/C ratio.
Cells are pleomorphic in sizeand
shape.
Similar to tissue of origin.
Nuclei are normal.
Cells are uniform in size
and shape.
Histological
feature
Infiltration and metastasis.Remain localized.Mode of growth
Faster.Slower.Rate of growth
Local pressure and destructive
effects.
Inappropriate Hormonal
secretion (paraneoplastic
syndrome), metabolic and
neurological complications.
Not cure by local excision.
Local pressure effects.
Hormonal secretion.
Cure by local excision
Clinical effects

4. The examples of benign tumors are:
Lipoma
It'sabenigntumorofadiposetissueof
connectivetissueorigin(mostcommonform
ofsofttissuetumor),itsariseanywherein
thebodymostcommonlyintheback,
shoulderandproximalpartsoflimbs,usually
affectwomenoverfortyyearsold.

5. Clinically
It presents as a
single mass, usually
found just below the
skin, mostly painless
but can be painful,
in this condition
called angiolipoma.

6. Macroscopically:
Iteithersingleormultiple,soft,mobile,ill
definedorwelldefinedyellowcolormass.
Microscopically:
Itconsistsofmaturefatcells,thecells
uniforminsizeandshape(largepolygonal
cell,peripheralnucleus,emptycytoplasm)
thetumorsurroundedbyfibrouscapsule.

7. Lipomagrossly

8. At low power magnification, a lipomaof the small intestine is seen to
be well demarcated from the mucosa at the lower center-right. This
neoplasm is so well-differentiated that, except for its appearance as a
localized mass, it is impossible to tell from normal adipose tissue.

9. Here is the lipomaat high magnification

10. Leiomyoma(Fibroids)ofuterus
It'sabenigntumorofsmoothmusclecell
ariseinthemyometriumoftheuterus.
❖Thereis:
1-Geneticpredisposition(40%ofcases
havechromosomalabnormalities,morein
blackfemalethanwhite)
2-Estrogendependenttumor,thatincrease
insizeduringpregnancyandinwomen
takingoralcontraceptivepillsandregress
postmenopausal.

11. Clinically:
Itaffectwomenatthereproductiveage
group,presentsaseitherasymptomatic
(smallsize)orlargemasstocausea
differentsymptomslikeprolongheavy
menstrualbleeding,backpain,pelvic
discomfort.
Complications:
VaginalBleeding,Abortion,Infertility.

12. Macroscopically:
Iteithersingleormultiple,firm,gray-white
color,smallorlargemassfullthepelvisor
abdominalcavity,thewhorlpatternofsmooth
musclebundlesischaracteristic.
Thetumorcanbeintramural,submucosal,
subserosal.
Microscopically:
1-Interlacingbundleofsmoothmusclesfibers
arrangedinthewhorlpatterncontaindensely
packedsmoothmusclecells.
2-Wemayseethedegenerativechangesinclude
fibrosis,patchynecrosis,hyalinechanges,
calcification,thrombosisandhemorrhage.

13. In the upper fundus of the uterus protruding into
the endometrial cavity is a nodule that proved
to be a asubmucosalleiomyoma.

14. Leiomyoma of uterus (multiple)

15. Here is the microscopic appearance of a benign leiomyoma.
Normal myometrium is at the left, the leiomyoma at the
right hardly appears different. Bundles of smooth muscle
are interlacing in the tumor mass.

16. The microscopic appearance of a leiomyoma indicates
that the cells do not vary greatly in size and shape
and closely resemble normal smooth muscle cells.