Landform effect of Grasberg copper mine.

This presentation on 'Landform Effects' explores the profound influence of Earth's diverse landforms on a multitude of processes. It delves into how mountains, valleys, plains, and other geological features impact climate patterns, water distribution, soil development, and even biological ecosystems. Furthermore, it examines how these landform effects shape human activities, influencing settlement patterns, agricultural practices, and resource availability. By analyzing the interactions between landforms and natural phenomena, this presentation provides a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationship between the Earth's surface and the processes that occur upon it

1. Made By: Omkar Mahindrakar (23000233) & Pawan Punjabi (23000279)

2. Grasberg Copper-Gold Mine, Papua, Indonesia Lorentz National Park , Papua, Indonesia ~100km

3. Lorentz National Park Lorentz National Park (2.35 million ha) is the largest protected area in South-East Asia. Thirty-four vegetation types and 29 land systems have been identified within the property along with some 123 recorded mammal species, representing 80% of the total mammalian fauna of Irian Jaya. Mammals recorded include two of the world’s three monotremes ; the short-beaked echidna ( Tachyglossus aculeatus ), and the long-beaked echidna ( Zaglossus bruijinii ) a New Guinea endemic. In addition it is also home to a large number of restricted range (45) and endemic (9) bird species. Short-beaked Echidna ( Tachyglossus aculeatus ) Southern Crowned Pigeon confined to the southern lowland houses of New Guinea

4. The park protects three Endemic Bird Areas (EBA), with 45 restricted-range bird species, and nine endemic bird species confined to the Sudirman range, and the South Papuan lowlands EBA. Threatened species include the southern cassowary, Alpine woolly rat, southern crowned pigeon, Pesquet's parrot, Salvadori's teal and Macgregor's giant honeyeater. Wildlife of Lorentz National Park • 411 species of birds • 164 species of mammals • 100 freshwater fishes Vulnerable ( Src - IUCN 3.1)

5. Flora at Lorentz National Park Plants with medicinal values, fount in Lorentz National Park Ant house plants ( Myrmecodia sp.) - Medicinal Usage : Gout, Antioxidant and cancer treatment. Carnivorous pitcher plants (Nepenthes sp.) – Medicinal Usage : Regulate the menstrual cycle, ease child birth, relieve asthma, treat eye inflammation, gastric ulcer, jaundice, high blood pressure Dipterocarps – Medicinal Usage : reatment of infectious skin diseases and ulcerative wounds Pterocarpus – Medicinal Usage : Treatment of Diahrrea , and shows antioxidative , antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. And Many More…

6. Tribal Culture at Lorentz National Park Lorentz National Park in Indonesia is home to eight indigenous ethnic groups, including the Asmat , Amung , Dani , Sempan , and Nduga , who have lived in the area for more than 25,000 years . The park is also home to many other indigenous groups, including the Komoro , Amungme ( Damal ), Nakai ( Asmat Keenok ), and West Dani . The groups live in the lowland rivers and swamps, where they practice semi-nomadic lifestyles and basic agriculture . Their agricultural practices have evolved in harmony with nature, and are controlled by cultural taboos and rituals to prevent overexploitation of biodiversity. For example, the Asmat believe their ancestors' spirits dwell in trees , and accord them great respect.

7. Asmat Tribe The ceremonial procession follows the spirit masks through the village. The purpose of this ceremony is to show the spirits of the deceased that life in the village is proceeding well without them. During the procession, people will chant and play musical instruments, such as bamboo horns. They are known for their wood carving skills, which often depict their ancestors and spiritual matters. The Asmat people also have a complex social structure and a dark history of headhunting and cannibalism.