Landslide ,cause, impact as natural hazards and control.pptx

A landslide is a geological phenomenon where a mass of rock, earth, or debris moves downhill due to gravity. Landslides can occur on steep slopes, cliffs, and mountains, and can be triggered by a variety of factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like excavation or construction.

Landslides can take different forms depending on the type of material involved and the speed of movement. They can be slow-moving or rapid, and can travel short distances or cover vast areas. Some common types of landslides include rockfalls, debris flows, mudslides, and rockslides.

Landslides can have serious consequences for people and the environment. They can cause property damage, loss of life, and disrupt transportation and communication networks. In addition, landslides can alter the landscape, affect ecosystems, and create new hazards such as damming of rivers and formation of new lakes.

1. Indira Gandi National Tribal University, Amarkantak Title: Landslide Presented BY : Satyapriya Sahoo Under the Guidance of:  Dr. Ashutosh Kumar Date: 20-02-2023

2. ABSTRACT Landslides are a major environmental hazard that cause significant damage to life and property.

3. Definition: A landslide is a natural disaster that occurs when a mass of rock or debris moves rapidly down a slope or cliff due to the force of gravity. It happens when the slope becomes unstable and cannot support the weight of the soil, rocks, or trees on it. Landslides can be triggered by heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or human activities like deforestation and construction. They can cause severe damage to property, and infrastructure, and can sometimes even result in loss of life.

4. The force of gravity and the progressive weakening of geological materials, mainly due to weathering, together with the action of other natural and environmental phenomena, make mass movements relatively common in the earth’s surface. Natural processes like landslides can pose risks to human activities and infrastructure, causing economic loss and social damage. By learning more about these processes, we can work to minimize their impact on society.

5. Types of landslides: L andslide are classified based on the materials involved like rocks, debris, and soils, and how they fail. We also consider things like how much water is in the soil and how fast and big the movement is. Rotational landslides are a type of landslide where the soil or rock moves in a curved, rotational manner. Translational landslides are a type of landslide where the soil or rock moves in a linear or planar manner.

6. Rock falls are when rocks or small boulders fall from a steep slope. They can happen because of natural events like earthquakes or human activities like digging. Rock falls can be dangerous to people nearby and can cause damage to buildings and infrastructure. They happen in areas with steep slopes and unstable rock formations, like mountains or cliffs.

7. Debris flow  is a type of landslide where a mixture of water, rocks, soil, and other debris move rapidly down a slope. It happens when the soil becomes saturated with water, causing it to lose stability and erode quickly. They are common in mountainous areas and can be very dangerous.

8. Earthflow is a type of slow-moving landslide where soil, rock, and debris gradually move downhill. It happens when the soil becomes saturated with water, causing it to lose its stability and gradually flow downhill. Earthflows are usually slower than other types of landslides and can take weeks, months, or even years to move significant distances.

9. Mudflow  is a type of landslide where a mixture of water, mud, and debris rapidly flows downhill. It happens when heavy rainfall saturates the soil, causing it to become unstable and flow downhill. Mudflows can be very fast and can cause significant damage to buildings, roads, and other structures in its path. They are common in areas with steep slopes and can be very dangerous. 

10. Creep   is a type of landslide where soil, rocks, and debris gradually move downhill at a very slow pace, typically less than a few millimeters per year. It happens when the soil becomes saturated with water, causing it to become unstable and slowly deform over time due to gravity.

11. Slump  is a type of landslide where a mass of soil, rock, and debris moves downhill in a rotational manner, usually along a curved surface. It happens when the soil becomes saturated with water, causing it to lose its stability and slide down due to gravity. Slumping common in areas with steep slopes or where the soil is poorly compacted. 

12. Signs of a potential landslide: Strange sounds coming from the ground Tilting or cracking of the foundation or walls of buildings Landslide activity in the surrounding area Changes in water flow or springs

13. Impacts of Landslides: Property damage Infrastructure damage Loss of life and injury Environmental damage Economic impacts

14. Prevention and Mitigation Measures: Conduct a landslide hazard assessment Develop a land-use plan that takes into account landslide hazards Stabilize slopes with retaining walls, vegetation, or reinforced slopes Establish early warning systems Regular maintenance of slopes and drainage systems

15. Preparing for a Landslide: Be aware of the potential for landslides in your area Develop an emergency plan Keep an evacuation plan ready Keep an emergency supply kit

16. Conclusion: Landslides can be very harmful and cause a lot of harm to societies. However, if people have the right knowledge and readiness, the damage caused by landslides can be decreased. It is crucial to take preventative measures and to be aware of the potential dangers in order to protect both human life and property.

17. Thank You