Layers-of-the-Earth Can be use in Earth Science and Earth and Life.pptx

Layer of the Earth topic for SHS EARTH SCIENCE

1. The Layers of the Earth!

2. Earth Layers The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Crust *Mantle *Outer core *Inner core

3. http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/DisplayImage.cfm?ID=124

4. The Crust * The Earth’s crust is the outermost surface. *It is a very thin layer of solid rock. It is the thinnest layer of the Earth. *The crust is 5-35km thick beneath the land and 1-8km thick beneath the oceans. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The movement of these plates causes earthquakes.

5. 2 Types of Crust Continental Crust: dry land, granite less dense Oceanic Crust: ocean floor, Basalt, thinner than cont. crust

6. What is the Mohorovičić Discontinuity? The Mohorovicic Discontinuity, or "Moho," is the boundary between the crust and the mantle. The red line in the diagram shows its location. In geology the word "discontinuity" is used for a surface at which seismic waves change velocity. One of these surfaces exists at an average depth of 8 kilometers beneath the ocean basin and at an average depth of about 32 kilometers beneath the continents. At this discontinuity, seismic waves accelerate.  

7. The Lithosphere The lithosphere is composed of part of the crust and the upper part of the mantle (the top 100 km). It is composed of hard, brittle rock

8. The Asthenosphere * The a s thenosphere is the part of the mantle underneath the lithosphere. * It is made of molten rock and metal so that it “flows” like hot asphalt. * The a s thenosphere is the part of the mantle that moves and causes the tectonic plates of the crust to move as well.

9. The Mantle * The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. It is 2900km thick. *It includes the lithosphere and a s thenosphere. *It is relatively flexible—it flows like very viscous liquid. *It is very hot—1600°F at the top and 4000°F towards the center of the Earth.

10. The Core * The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The core is divided into 2 layers—Outer and Inner . * The core is so hot and has so much pressure that if you were to go there—you would be squished into something even smaller than a marble.

11. The Outer Core * The outer core is liquid metal iron and nickel with 10% sulfur and/or oxygen. * It is very hot— 4000-9000°F. * The outer core is 2,250km thick.

12. The Inner Core * The inner core is solid metal due to the extreme heat and pressure. * It is composed of iron and nickel. It is responsible for the magnetic field the Earth generates. *Protect Earth from cosmic radiation and solar wind, acting as a shield for the ozone layer and reducing the impact of ultraviolet radiation * The inner core is 800km thick and is 9000°F.

13. Review 1) What are the four layers of the Earth? 2) The Earth’s crust is very ______? 3) The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth? True or False 4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid?

14. Answers! 1) Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core 2) Thin 3) True 4) Liquid