Lecture 1- Engineering Codes and Standards.pdf

Engineering Codes and Standards

1. Codes and Standards:
Introduction to the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Dr. Norbert Edomah
October, 2024

2. Introduction
IEC Vision
IEC everywhere for a safer, more efficient world.
IEC Mission
Our mission is to achieve worldwide use of IEC
International Standards and Conformity
Assessment systems to ensure the safety,
efficiency, reliability and interoperability of
electrical, electronic and information
technologies, to enhance international trade,
facilitate broad electricity access and enable a
more sustainable world

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3. What does the IEC do?
IEC is a global, not-for-profit membership organization.
IEC work facilitates technical innovation, affordable
infrastructure development, efficient and sustainable
energy access, smart urbanization and transportation
systems, climate change mitigation, and increases the
safety of people and the environment.
IEC brings together more than 170 countries and
provides a global, neutral and independent
standardization platform to 20,000 experts globally.
It administers 4 Conformity assessment systems whose
members certify that devices, systems, installations,
services and people work as required.
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4. … what does the IEC do?
IEC publishes around 10 000 IEC International Standards
which, together with conformity assessment, provide
the technical framework that allows governments to
build national quality infrastructure and companies of
all sizes to buy and sell consistently safe and reliable
products in most countries of the world.
IEC International Standards serve as the basis for risk
and quality management and are used in testing and
certification to verify that manufacturer promises are
kept.
IEC work directly underpins the targets of all 17 UN
Sustainable Development Goals.
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5. IEC Membership Status Across the Globe
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6. What are Standards and why are they
important?

A standard is an agreed way of doing
something in a consistent and repeatable way

Standards set minimum requirements in terms
of safety, reliability, efficiency, etc.
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7. Benefits of Standards
Standards describe the processes and methods to
ensure the safety, reliability and performance of
electrical and electronic devices and systems, including
information technologies
Conformity assessment verifies that the written word is
applied in the real world.
Harmonized solutions enable industry to more easily
sell its products in many countries.
Standards simplify the quality control of components
and services throughout the product value chain.
Standards ensure that products from different
manufacturers can work together.
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8. … benefits of Standards
Standards serve as the basis for testing and
certification, to verify the performance, safety,
efficiency and reliability of a product.
Standards help protect people, critical
infrastructure and the environment.
Standards help avoid island solutions that can
hinder the growth of markets.
Standards reflect the global consensus on state-
of-the-art solutions that can be applied by the
private and public sectors in both developed and
developing countries
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9. IEC Standards Development Stages
1.Preliminary Stage
2.Proposal Stage
3.Preparatory Stage
4.Committee Stage
5.Enquiry Stage
6.Final Approval Stage
7.Publication Stages
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10. IEC 60038 – Standard Voltages
The IEC 60038 defines a set of standard voltages
for use in low voltage and high voltage AC and DC
electricity supply systems based on the defining
risk
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IEC voltage
range
AC RMS
voltage (V)
DC voltage (V) Defining risk
High voltage > 1,000 > 1,500 Electrical arcing
Low voltage 50 to 1,000 120 to 1,500 Electrical shock
Extra-low
voltage
< 50 < 120 Low risk

11. Understanding Voltage Levels
In Power Systems Transmission and Distribution,
different voltage levels are defined to enable us know
how to handle them.

The following are a list of voltage levels/terminologies:
1.Rated voltage
2.Nominal voltage
3.Extra low voltage
4.Low voltage
5.Medium voltage
6.High voltage
7.Extra high voltage
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12. Types of Voltage Levels
Rated voltage is the maximum voltage at which the device
can be operated safely. This also considers the percentage
tolerance range
Nominal (named) voltage indicates the output of a voltage
source. This is found in every electrical system. E.g., 11KV,
33KV, 132KV, etc.
Extra low voltage (ELV) is the part of low voltage level range
with no risk of electric shock. They are voltages with voltage
less than 50VAC (rms) or 120VDC (no ripple) (IEC 60364-4-
41:2017)
Low voltage level has higher risk than the ELV. Under the
wet condition, human get a dangerous shock which leads to
coma-stage or death. Low voltage supply system ranges from
50 to 1000VAC or 120 to 1500VDC (IEC 60038)


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13. … types of Voltage Levels
Medium Voltage devices are rated between 1kV-
33kV. ANSI/IEEE 1585-2002 refers to: Medium
Voltage (0.6kV – 33 kV) and IEEE Std. 1623-2004
refers to: Devices rated to medium voltage (1 kV-
33 kV).
High voltage has voltage level between 33kV to
220kV. It can produce spark in the air and poses a
high risk of electrical shock by contact or proximity.
Extra High voltages are typically the voltage level
between the 220kV to 760kV.
Ultra-high voltage lines are nothing but a voltage
level above 800kV.
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14. Thank you
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