Lecture 1 of enviromental safety .pptx

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1. Lecture 1 Fundamentals of Industrial & Environmental Safety Dr. Salah E Selim Basic Sciences Department

2. LOCs Basics terminologies related to Safety Safety Hazard Risk Industrial safety Environmental safety Types of Hazard Risk grading matrix Questions [Activity]

3. Safety Is a state in which hazards and conditions leading to physical, psychological or material harm are controlled in order to preserve the health and well-being of individuals and the community . Freedom from unacceptable risk. The control of recognized hazards to achieve an acceptable level of risk

4. Hazard vs. risk

5. What is Industrial Safety? The term “Industrial safety” is a set of safety protocols, policies and regulations to protect the workers, workplace, work equipment and environment from hazards.

6. Environmental safety Environmental safety is defined by the guidance, policies, and practices enforced in order to ensure that the surrounding environment is free from hazards that will warrant the safety and well-being of workers and employees, residents near industrial operations, as well as the prevention of accidental environmental damage. The surrounding areas include industrial facilities, work areas, and laboratories

7. Types of Hazards Physical hazard Biological hazard Chemical hazard Psychosocial Ergonomic hazard

8. Physical Hazard Physical hazards in OSH refer to “the potential risks that can cause physical harm or injury to workers due to physical agents, factors or conditions present in the workplace.”

9. Examples of physical hazards Slippery floors, objects in walkways unsafe or misused machinery excessive noise Poor lighting (illumination) fire. radiation, magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum). High exposure to sunlight/ultraviolet rays etc. Electricity

10. Biological hazard Also known as bio hazards, refer to Biological substances that pose a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans. This can include medical waste or samples of a microorganism, virus or toxin (from a biological source) that can affect human health. It can also include substances harmful to other animals.

11. Biological hazard Some Examples of Biohazards Are: Human blood and blood products Animal waste Human body fluids Microbiological wastes Pathological waste Sharps waste

12. Biological hazard

13. Chemical hazard Chemical hazards are any substance that can cause adverse physical and health effects to people or result in harm to the environment due to its chemical properties.

14. Types of Chemical hazard  Explosives,  Flammable liquids  Corrosives  Oxidizing materials,  Toxic and carcinogenic substances,  Gases and air particulate, etc

15. Psychosocial Hazards

16. Psychosocial hazard  A psychosocial hazard is any occupational hazard that affects the psychological and physical well-being of workers, including their ability to participate in a work environment among other people. Psychosocial haza rds are related to the way work is designed, organized and managed.  Harm or risk that are correlated to psychosocial hazards in the workplace include : Occupational stress, anxiety, and depression

17. Examples of psychosocial hazard job demands low job control poor support lack of role clarity poor organisational change management inadequate reward and recognition poor organisational justice traumatic events or material remote or isolated work poor physical environment violence and aggression bullying harassment, including sexual and gender-based harassment, and conflict or poor workplace relationships and interactions

18. Ergonomic hazard

19. Ergonomic hazard examples These hazards include : Awkward or static postures, High forces,  Repetitive motion, or short intervals between activities.

20. Risk Grading Matrix EXPOSURE Exposure definition “ When someone is within the “danger zone.” ” • Physical exposure: When the length. person is generally within arm’s • Environmental exposure: Due to noise, hazardous atmospheres , temperature extremes. These hazards could affect everyone in the facility. HAZARD + EXPOSURE = RISK

21. Rating a Risk You can do what is called a Qualitative Risk Rating which means you can simply decide whether the risk is minimal, low, medium or high. Generally this short hand form of risk rating is used to determine which hazard should take priority deciding what to do and when.

22. Rating a Risk To calculate a Quantitative Risk Rating, begin by allocating a number to the Likelihood of the risk arising and Severity of Injury and then multiply the Likelihood by the Severity to determine the Rating. The number to be allocated is set out in the following 5*5 matrix. A Simple Risk Assessment is shown in the next equation: R = (P) x (S) Where: R = Risk, P = Probability of occurrence / Likelihood, and S = Severity of effect

23. 5*5 Risk Rating Matrix

24. The Four consequences categories: people, environment, assets, and reputation (PEAR).

25. Engineers’ Role in safety

26. Engineers’ Role in safety

27. RISK RATING ACTIVITY

28. RISK IDENTIFICATION The forklift could hit a person The forklift could hit the storage racks When putting an item, it may move another one causing it to fall.

29. RISK ANALYSIS

30. RISK EVALUATION Risk Risk magnitude The forklift could hit a person The forklift could hit the storage racks When putting an item, it may move another one causing it to fall

31. RESPONSE PLAN Ground marks for the forklift and the workers which show the routs of the forklifts and of the persons. Skilled drivers should be hired to drive the forklift. Stored items must be securely tightened to their storage place.

32. MONITORING AND CONTROLLING Safety Inspector must keep an eye for the workers Security cameras must be used Punishment plans for people who disobey the rules

33. Activity Awork place has been assessed for its risk by a external safety consultant and it is found that a particular hazard has the likelihood of 3 and severity of 5. Calculate and identify the risk level and advise the company on the action need to be taken based on the risks level.

34. Thank You