Lecture 3- Parts of a Computer System.pptx

Introduction to Computer Systems

1. Parts of the computer system Unit

2. Keyboard An input device used to enter characters and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary device used to enter text.

3. mouse A handheld pointing device used to position a cursor on a computer screen. This allows the user to select items stored on a computer and, subsequently, perform actions on those items.

4. Monitor Display adapter that displays information processed by the computer's video card. There are different types of monitors, including cathode ray tube (CRT) and liquid crystal displays (LCD).

5. CPU case known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, cabinet, base unit, or simply case, is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer (usually excluding the display, keyboard and mouse).

6. Hard disk drive ( hdd ) the dominant type of storage since the early days of computers. Consists of a rigid disc made with non-magnetic material, which is coated with a thin layer of magnetic material. Data is stored by magnetizing this thin film.

7. Central processing unit ( Cpu ) - Processor a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system.

8. Cpu fan and heat sink A heat sink is an electronic device that incorporates either a fan or a peltier device to keep a hot component such as a processor cool. CPU fan - Used to cool the CPU

9. Memory (RAM) is the area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor. Temporary storage of data.

10. Video card/graphics card A video card connects to the motherboard of a computer system and generates output images to display. Video cards are also referred to as graphics cards. Video cards include a processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and connections to a display device.

11. Network interface card ( nic ) – Lan Card The NIC contains the electronic circuitry required to communicate using a wired connection (e.g., Ethernet) or a wireless connection (e.g., WiFi ). A network interface card is also known as a network interface controller, network adapter, or Local Area Network (LAN) adapter.

12. Mother board The main printed circuit board in a computer. Numerous major components, crucial for the functioning of the computer, are attached to the motherboard. These include the processor, memory, and expansion slots. The motherboard connects directly or indirectly to every part of the PC. CPU fan - Used to cool the CPU

13. Power supply Converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.

14. Sata cable/cord Serial ATA (SATA, abbreviated from Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. SATA host adapters and devices communicate via a high-speed serial cable over two pairs of conductors.

15. Sata power cable/cord Serve as connector between the power supply and the SATA device such as hard disk drive and DVD rom.

16. IDE (integrated drive electronic) cable It is a standard interface for IBM compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives.

17. Cmos battery The CMOS is a physical part of the motherboard: it is a memory chip that houses setting configurations and is powered by the onboard battery. The CMOS is reset and loses all custom settings in case the battery runs out of energy, Additionally, the system clock resets when the CMOS loses power.

18. Vga cable/cord Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a three-row 15-pin DE-15 connector. The 15-pin VGA connector was provided on many video cards, computer monitors, laptop computers, projectors, and high definition television sets.

19. Power cable/cord A power cord, line cord, or mains cable is an electrical cable that temporarily connects an appliance to the mains electricity supply via a wall socket or extension cord.