lecture-4 (brick bonding).ppt

BUILDING MATERIAL

1. Building Construction
Technology
Lecture # 4

2. What is a
bond?

3. Bond
The arrangement of bricks or stones in each layer
so as to avoid continuity of vertical joints in any
adjacent course both on the face and inside of a
masonry structure is called bond.
This is done by overlapping bricks or stones in the
successive courses longitudinally as well as
transversely.

4. Necessity Of Providing Bond
A bond is provided to achieve the following
objects:
1.The primary object of providing a bond is to
break the vertical continuity of the joints in the
successive courses both in the length and
thickness of a masonry structure.
2.To ensure the longitudinal and lateral strength
of the structure.

5. 3.To enable the structure to act as a
bounded mass and to distribute the load
uniformly to its foundation.
4.To provide pleasing appearance by
placing bricks or stones symmetrically.
5.To do masonry work quickly by engaging
more masons on the job at a time.

6. Bonding in Brickwork
The process of arranging bricks in different courses in
order to tie them together in unified mass of brickwork is
called bonding in brickwork.
Bonding in brickwork is done to ensure that vertical joints
do not come over one another because a brickwork
having continuous vertical joints will not act as a unified
mass but will consist of small portions which act as
columns. In such a construction, the load on wall shall
not be uniform distributed but there are chances of
settlement of the load .

7. Bonding in Brickwork
However,ifawallisproperlyboundedsothatthereare
nocontinuousverticaljointstheloadwillgetdistributed.
Thus,thepurposeofbondinginbrickworkistodevelop
longitudinalandtransverseinterlockingforindividual
brickssoastoachieveaunifiedmassofthestructure.

8. Bonding in Brickwork
Correct Bonding
Incorrect Bonding

9. TypesOfBondsInBrickworkandTheir
Suitability:
Thefollowingarethedifferenttypesof
bondsusedinbrickwork:
Headerbond:
Thebondhavingallthebrickslaidas
headersineverycourseofawallis
calledheaderbond.Theseareusually
usedformakingwells,footings,etc.
Stretcherbond:
Thebondhavingallthebrickslaidas
stretchersineverycourseiscalled
stretcherbond.
Commonlyusedformakingpartition
walls.
Types Of Bonds In Brickwork and
Their Suitability

10. HEADING OR HEADER BOND
•Heading or Header Bond is laid on headers.
•Header bond is often used on curving walls with a small radius
•Should never be used in straight work, as it is very weak

11. STRETCHING OR STRETCHER
BOND
•Bricks are laid in stretchers, as in the figure below.
•Used in walls of half-brick in thickness.
•Due to its constant occurrence in the last position it is also
called Chimney Bond.

12. Types Of Bonds In Brickwork and
Their Suitability
Thefollowingarethedifferenttypesofbondsused
inbrickwork:
1.EnglishBond:Thebondhavingheadersand
stretcherslaidinalternatecoursesiscalled
Englishbond.
Inthisbond,aqueenaqueencloserisplacedafter
everyquoinheaderintheheadercoursetobreak
thecontinuityofverticalJoints.

13. Bonding in Brickwork
This bond is considered as the strongest bond and does not
require any special alternation in its formation.
Salient Features of English Bond Are Given Below:
i.Headers and stretchers are laid in alternate courses.
ii.A queen closer is placed after every quoin header in the
heading course when the thickness of wall is 9” or
above.
iii.Continuous vertical joints do not occur on the face as
well as on inside of the structure.
iv.Each alternate header in the heading course lies
centrally over every stretcher of the underlying
stretching course.

14. Suitability:English bond is commonly adopted for
brickwork of buildings where strength is of prime
importance.
DISADVANTAGE:
•Penetration of damp through transverse joints.
•Appearance not as good as Flemish bond.

16. Flemish bond
The bond having headers and stretchers laid
alternately in the same course is called flemish
bond. In this bond a queen closer is provided
after every quoin header n the alternate courses
to break the continuity of vertical joints. Brick
bats are to be used for forming this bond when
the thickness of wall is equal to an odd mutiple
of half brick.

17. Salient Features of Flemish Bond:
I.Header and stretcher are laid aternatelyin the
same coruse.
II.Queen closer is placed after every quoin header
in the alternate course when the thickness of
the wall is 9” or above.
III.Every header in each course lies centrally over
each stretcher of he underlying course.

19. Flemish Bond is of two types:
1.Double Flemish Bond
2.Single Flemish Bond
DuobleFlemish Bond: The bond having header and
stretchers laid alternatively in each course both in
the face and back of the structure is called double
flemishbond. This type of bond provides good
appearance but it is weaker in strength than english
bond for walls having thickness more than 9”.
Suitability: It is used in buildings where appearance is
of prime importance.

20. Comparison Between English Bond and
Flemish Bond
English Bond
1. Construction:
Thisbondconsistsof
headersandstretchers
laidinalternatecourses.
2.Strength
Itisthestrongestofallthe
bonds.
Flemish Bond
Thisbondconsistsof
headersandstretchers
laidalternativelyineach
courses.
Itislessstrong.

21. Comparison Between English Bond and
Flemish Bond
English Bond
3. Appearance
It provides rough
appearanceespeciallyfor
onebrickthickwalls.
4.ContinuityofVertical
Joints
Therearenocontinuous
verticaljointsinthe
structurebuiltinthis
bond.
Flemish Bond
It provides good
appearance forall
thicknessofwalls.
Therearepartlycontinuous
verticaljointsinthe
structurebuiltinthis
bond.

22. Comparison Between English Bond and
Flemish Bond
English Bond
5. Care in providing the
Bond
SpecialCareisnotrequired
inprovidingthisbond.
6.ProgressOfWork:
Progressofworkismore.
7.Cost
Itiscostlybecauseuseof
brickbatsisnotallowed.
Flemish Bond
SpecialCareisrequiredin
providingthisbond.
Progressofworkisless.
Itiseconomicalbecause
brickbatsaretobeused
forformingthisbond.

23. •The most important factors affecting the
thickness of a wall in brick masonry are:
1.The Total load to be carried by the wall
2.Overall Height of the Wall
3.Height between floors
4.Strength of materials-Strength of brick and
mortar
Factors Affecting The Thickness Of
Walls In Brick Masonry: