LECTURE ON EAPP MODULE 1 SECOND SEM.pptx

LECTURE ON EAPP MODULE 1 SECOND SEM

1. Conducting surveys,experiments or observation GROUP 8 TOPIC:5

2. CONDUCTING SURVEYS EXPERIMENTS OR OBSERVATION RESEARCH IS SIGNIFICANT IN OUR EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES. IT IS THE RESULT OF THINGKING PROCESS THAT INVOLVES YOU IN QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES OR MODELS. IN ORDER FOR YOU TO HAVE A GRASP OF THE TECHNIQUES IN CONDUCTING SURVEY,EXPERIMENTS OR OBSERVATION,YOU HAVE TO KNOW THE PROCESS INVOLVED IN INQUIRY AND RESEARCH.

3. 1 .SURVEY IN DOING A SURVEY, THE RESEARCHER MUST UNDERSTAND THE RIGHT MODEL OF INQUIRY FOR ESTABLISHING AN INFERENCE WHETHER IN A LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE OR FROM SMALL NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN A GROUP. THE VERY AIM IN CONDUCTING A SURVEY IS TO PRESENT AND EXPLAIN THE ACTUAL EXPERIENCES OF A CERTAIN POPULATION. CONDUCTING A SURVEY ARE DONE IN THREE STEPS 1.) BY EMAIL 2.)TELEPHONE 3.) PERSONAL INTERVIEW. THE METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION CAN BE FROM OBSERVATION TO CONTENT ANALYSIS AND THIS CAN BE USED IN THE SURVEY. SURVEY RESEARCH MEANS COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT A GROUP OF PEOPLE BY ASKING THEM QUESTIONS AND ANALYZING THE RESULTS. TO CONDUCT AN EFFECTIVE SURVEY. 6 STEPS IN SURVEYING. 1.DETERMINE WHO WILL PARTICIPATE IN THE SURVEY 2.DECIDE THE TYPE OF SURVEY (MAIL, ONLINE, OR IN-PERSON) 3.DESIGN THE SURVEY QUESTIONS AND LAYOUT. 4.DISTRIBUTE THE SURVEY 5.ANALYZE THE RESPONSE 6.WRITE UP RESULTS.

4. 2.EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH EEGHHHEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IS A STUDY THAT STRICLY ADHERES TO A SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DESIGN. IT INCLUDES A HYPOTHESIS, A VARIABLE THAT CAN BE MANIPULATED BY THE RESEARCHER, AND VARIABLES THAT CAN BE MEASURED, CALCULATED AND COMPARED. MOST IMPORTANT, EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IS COMPLETED IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT. THE RESEARCHER COLLECTS DATA AND RESULTS WILL EITHER SUPPORT OR REJECT THE HYPOTHESIS. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD IS A SERIES OF ORGANIZED STEPS TO WHICH AN EXPIREMENT IS DONE. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD HELPS YOU PLAN, PREDICT, RESEARCHER, CONCLUDE AND MAYBE EVEN PUBLISHED YOUR FINDINGS. THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD WILL MAKE YOUR EXPIREMENT MORE ORGANIZED, EASY TO INTERPRET AND LEARN FROM. THE STEPS TO SCIENTIFIC METHOD ARE: 1.) POSE A TABLE QUESTION. 2.) CONDUCT BACKGROUND RESEARCH. 3.) STATE YOUR HYPOTHESIS. 4.) DESIGN EXPERIMENT. 5.)PERFORM YOUR EXPIRENMENT 6.) COLLECT DATA. 7.) DRAW CONCLUSIONS. 8.) PUBLISHED FINDINGS (OPTIONAL)

5. 3.OBSERVATION MAY TAKE PLACE IN NATURAL SETTINGS AND INVOLVE THE RESERACHER TAKING LENGTHLY AND DESCEIPTIVE NOTES OF WHAT IS HAPPENING. IT IS ARGUED THAT THERE ARE LIMITS TO THE SITUATIONS THAT CAN BE OBSERVED IN THEIR NATURAL SETTINGS AND THAT THE PRESENCE OF THE RESERACHER MAY LEAD TO PROBLEMS WITH VALIDITY. LIMITATIONS WITH OBSERVATION INCLUDE: CHANGE IN PEOPLE BEHAVIORS WHEN THEY KNOW THEY ARE BEING OBSERVED A SNAP SHOT VIEW OF A WHOLE SITUATION THINK THE RESEACHER MAY MISS SOMETHING WHILE THEY ARE WATCHING AND TAKING NOTES. THE RESEARCHER MAY MAKE JUDGMENTS, MAKE VALUE STATEMETS OR MISUNDERSTAND WHAT HAS BEEN OBSERVED. STRENGTHS OF OBSERVATION CAN OFFER A FLAVOR FOR WHAT IS HAPEENING CAN GIVE AN INSIGHT INTO THE BIGGER PICTURE CAN DEMONSTRATE SUB-GROUPS CAN BE USED TO ASSIST IN THE DESIGNED OF THE REST OF THE RESEARCHER

6. E . SOMETIMES, THE RESEARCHER BECOMES OR NEEDS TO BECOME A PARTICIPANT OBSERVER, WHERE HE/SHE IS TAKING PART IN THE SITUATION IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTED AND FURTHER UNDERSTAND THE WORKINGS OF THE SOCIAL PHENOMENON. TECHNIQUES FOR COLLECTING DATA THROUGH OBSERVATION: WRITTEN DESCRIPTION- THE RESEARCHER MAKES WRITTEN DESCRIPTION OF THE PEOPLE, SITUATIONS OR ENVIRONMENT. LIMITATIONS INCLUDE *RESEARCHER MIGHT MISS OUT AN OBSERVATION AS THEY ARE TAKING NOTES *THE RESEARCHER MAY BE FOCUSED ON PARTICULAR EVENT OR SITUATION O THERE IS ROOM FOR SUBJECTIVE INTERPRETATION OF WHAT IS HAPPENING VIDEO RECORDING -ALLOWS THE RESEARCHER TO ALSO RECORDS NOTES

7. PHOTOGRAPHS AND ARTIFACTS -USEFUL WHEN THERE IS A NEED TO COLLECT OBSERVABLE INFORMATION OR PHENOMENA SUCH AS BUILDINGS, NEIGHBORHOODS, DRESS AND APPEARANCE -ARTIFACTS INCLUDE OBJECTS OR SIGNIFICANCE MEMORABILIA, INSTRUMENT, TOOLS AND OTHERS. DOCUMENT -ANY AND ALL KINDS OF DOCUMENTATION MAY BE USED TO PROVIDE INFORMATION A LOCAL PAPER, INFORMATION ON A NOTICE BOARD, ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES AND PRODUCERS .

8. THANK YOU >.< MEMBERS: RUBIANO ALLAIZA SOFIA LARUBES JERSON ARINAZA KRISTINE LABATORIO