Lentil.....pptx Detail cultivation practices of lentil

Detail cultivation practices of lentil

1. Lentil Botanical Name :- Lens esculenta Family: Leguminoceae / Fabaceae Local name :- Masur,Masoor / Masuri . Origin: Central Asia . Lentil is annual winter season crop . It is busy herb, erect plant and varies 30-50 cm plant height. it is self-pollinated crop. Pods are oblong, slightly inflated and small about 1.5cm long containing two seeds. Seed colour mostly orange-pink.

2. Economic Importance:- It is a pulse crop, grains are used in daily diet. It contains 25.1% proteins. Unripe pods are used as green vegetable Dried leaves, husk, and broken grains and stalks are used as cattle feed. It can also be grown for green manuring purpose in Kashmir valley for paddy crop.

3. Soil and Climate :- Climate :- The crop is grown as cold weather un-irrigated crop. Requires cool weather for growth. Lentil is mainly grown as rainfed crop . Soil :- The crop is raised on light loam, clay loam and alluvial soils in Northen India . Soil should be well drained . Soil pH 6.0-6.4. It is cultivated in moderately deep black soils in MP. It can stand moderate alkalinity. It can not tolerate water logging.

4. Preparation of Land:- The land preparation not very thorough one ploughing followed by one or two harrowing are given for a sole crop alone, a finer seedbed than gram preferred.

5. Seeds and sowing :- Sowing Time: October to November. Seed rate :- For sole crop: depending upon seed size. Small seeded variety-30-40kg/ha Bold seeded variety- 50-60 kg/ha. For mix crop : - 10-12 kg/ha Method of sowing : drilling (line sowing) Broadcasting . Spacing : 30cm between rows and 10cm plant to plant. Sowing depth: 3 – 4cm(shallow depth Seed treatment : 1. Thiram + Carbendazim (1:1) @ 2.5g/kg of seed. 2 . Rhizobium culture @ 250 g/ 10 kg of seed at the time of sowing.

6. Varieties :- Differed in plant habit, colour of the flower and shape, size and colour of the seeds. The bold seeded Masur and small seeded Masuri are commonly recognized trade varieties . Improved varieties T-36 , L 9-12, Pusa-1, Pusa-6, B-77, W. B. – 94, Pant – 209 and pant – 406 . Wilt resistant/ tolerant RV L - 31, IPL81 ( Noori ), IPL - 316, Sekhar masoor – 2. Rust resistant/ tolerant – IPL - 406, WBL - 77, Pant L - 6, Pant L - 7, IPL – 316 , Sekhar masoor – 2.

7. Manures and Fertilizers : No manuring . For irrigated crop N:P:K 20: 40:0 kg/ha is applied as a basal dose . Irrigation : One to two, especially when winter rains are meager. One at 45 DAS. Irrigation at pod development stage is beneficial . Interculturing : No intensive intercultural operations. However, it responds to the weed control at 30-35 DAS . Weed management A weed-free period of early 45 - 60 days is important . Two manual weeding, one at 25-30 days and another 45-50 days after sowing should be done. pre-emergence herbicide sparay of Pendimethalin 30 EC @ 0.75 - 1 kg a.i . per hectare may be done.

8. Intercropping : Most common inter cropping systems are: Lentil + Sugarcane (Autumn) with two rows of lentil at 30 cm row spacing in between two rows of sugarcane. Lentil + Linseed (2:2). Lentil + Mustard (2:6 ). Harvesting and Yield: Mature within three and half months. Harvesting is done when fully matured . Harvesting is done either by uprooting the plants or cutting with sickle. Then dried for a week, threshing is done by beating with wooden stickle and clean the seeds by winnowing. Seeds are dried in 4-5 days to bring their moisture content at 9-10%.  

9. Yield :- Rainfed – 4-5 q/ha and Irrigated 8-9 q/ha. Well managed crop may yield up to 10-12q/ha . Fill in the blanks:- Lentil is rabi season crop. Lentil belong to family – Leguminoceae Lentil contains about 25% protein . Rust and wilt are the major diseases of lentil. Botanical name of lentil is Lens esculenta .