Lesson 1 States of matter.pptx11111111111111111111

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1. States of matter Do now: Draw particle diagrams for the 3 states of matter (solid, liquid and gas). Solid Liquid Gas Describe the movement of these particles and the state symbols used.

2. States of matter State symbols (s) (l) or (aq) if a solution (g)

3. Changing states These are physical changes and are reversible.

4. No new substances are formed

5. Boiling and melting points Melting point

6. How can I work out the state?

7. What is the state? Substance Melting Temperature ( o C) Boiling Temperature ( o C) State at Room temperature (solid, liquid or gas) A -100 100 B -125 C 70 200 D 11 85 E -80 -11

8. Check your work Substance Melting Temperature ( o C) Boiling Temperature ( o C) State at Room temperature (solid, liquid or gas) A -100 100 Liquid B -125 Gas C 70 200 Solid D 11 85 Liquid E -80 -11 Gas

9. 1) Candle wax is normally a solid at room temperature. It melts at 37 o C and evaporates at 370 o C. At what state is the wax in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 40 o C? b) 4 o C? c) 400 o C? 2) Nitrogen boils at -195 o C and melts at -210 o C. At what state is nitrogen in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) Room temperature? b) -300 o C? c) -196 o ? 3) The melting point of iron is 1535 o C and the boiling point is 2750 o C. At what state is iron in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 3000 o C? b) 500 o C? c) 2700 o C? 4) The scale below shows the melting and boiling point of water. a) At which state is water at 20 o C and how do you know? b) At which state is water at 120 o C and how can you tell? c) At which state is water at -20 o C and how do you know?

10. 1) Candle wax is normally a solid at room temperature. It melts at 37 o C and evaporates at 370 o C. At what state is the wax in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 40 o C? b) 4 o C? c) 400 o C?

11. 2) Nitrogen boils at -195 o C and melts at -210 o C. At what state is nitrogen in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) Room temperature? b) -300 o C? c) -196 o ?

12. 3) The melting point of iron is 1535 o C and the boiling point is 2750 o C. At what state is iron in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 3000 o C? b) 500 o C? c) 2700 o C?

13. 4) The scale below shows the melting and boiling point of water. a) At which state is water at 20 o C and how do you know? b) At which state is water at 120 o C and how can you tell? c) At which state is water at -20 o C and how do you know?

14. 1) Candle wax is normally a solid at room temperature. It melts at 37 o C and evaporates at 370 o C. At what state is the wax in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 40 o C? b) 4 o C? c) 400 o C? 2) Nitrogen boils at -195 o C and melts at -210 o C. At what state is nitrogen in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) Room temperature? b) -300 o C? c) -196 o ? 3) The melting point of iron is 1535 o C and the boiling point is 2750 o C. At what state is iron in at the following temperatures and how do you know? a) 3000 o C? b) 500 o C? c) 2700 o C? 4) The scale below shows the melting and boiling point of water. a) At which state is water at 20 o C and how do you know? b) At which state is water at 120 o C and how can you tell? c) At which state is water at -20 o C and how do you know? Check your work Liquid - temp between bp and mp Solid - temp below mp and bp Gas - temp above mp and bp Liquid Solid Gas Liquid Gas Solid Liquid Solid Gas

15. Check your work When heat is added to ice, it breaks the (intermolecular) forces that hold the molecules in place. The temperature stays at 0°C while the ice absorbs the heat energy. 0°C is the melting point of water. The heat energy is used to break the bonds/forces. Once all the ice melts, the liquid water's temperature can rise again. When liquid water reaches 100°C, the added heat breaks the intermolecular forces again, turning the water into vapor (gas). 10 0°C is the melting point of water. The temperature remains at 100°C until all the liquid turns into gas. This process is called boiling, or evaporation at lower temperatures.

16. Limitations of the particle model The simple particle model assumes particles are made of solid spheres with no forces between them. However, particles can vary in size, charge and not be spherical.

17. Energy transfers - Heating curve Why do you think that there is no temperature increase when a substance is changing state? Melting point Boiling point

18. Energy transfers - Cooling curves

19. Gas Boiling point (condensation) Liquid Melting point ( Freezing ) Solid

20. Answer the questions

21. Heating curve questions

22. Check your work

23. Exam question

24. Mark scheme