Lesson 2- Nature of Qualitative Research.pptx

About research

1. Lesson 2 the nature of qualitative research

2. Nature of qualitative research Objectives: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: identify the characteristics and kinds of qualitative research; describe the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research; and illustrate the importance of qualitative research across fields.

3. qualitative research deals with understanding human behavior in a natural setting (Sanchez, 2003) . focuses on gaining insights and understanding of the individual’s perception of events. takes place usually in soft sciences like social sciences, politics, economics, humanities, education, psychology, nursing, and business-related subjects.

4. Characteristics of qualitative research 1. Naturalistic inquiry r esearchers study real-world situations as they unfold naturally. 2. Multiple methods researchers gather data using interviews , observation , focus group discussion , and document analysis

5. Characteristics of qualitative research 3 . Researcher as a Key Instrument researchers, themselves, are the ones collec ting data using a certain method. 4. Emergent design/ Flexibility research plans before and during data collection may change depending on the need of the study or certain instances.

6. Characteristics of qualitative research 5. Inductive analysis r esearchers immerse in the details and specifics of the data to discover important patterns, themes, and inter-relationships to develop theories. 6. Holistic perspective researchers believe that the whole phenomenon under study is understood as a complex system that is more than the sum of its parts.

7. Characteristics of qualitative research 7. Participant meanings d ata collected are detailed , thick description capturing people’s personal perspectives and experiences. 8. Context sensitivity r esearchers are sensitive to cultures , traditions , and beliefs of respondents.

8. Characteristics of qualitative research 9 . Emphatic neutrality researchers understand respondents without judgment ( neutrality) by s howing openness , sensitivity , respect , awareness , and responsiveness . 10 . Unique case orientation researchers a ssume each case ( respondent) is special and unique .

9. Characteristics of qualitative research 11. Reflexivity researchers need to explain what prompts their interest about the investigated topic, to whom they are reporting it, and what can personally be gained from the study .

10. Qualitative Research Designs PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH study of an individual's lived experiences of the world Lived E xperiences of Widows due to COVID-19 L ived Experiences of HIV Male T eenagers L ived Experiences of a T eenage Student-Mother Research Question : What is the meaning, structure, and essence of the lived experience of this phenomenon by an individual/s?

11. Qualitative Research Designs NARRATIVE INQUIRY RESEARCH a study of life stories of an individual as told to the researcher or found in documents and archival material. Dilemmas in Teaching Research in the Technical-Vocational Track A Narrative Inquiry of NPA Captives The life of Miriam Defensor Santiago as a Senator. Research Question: What is th e story behind this event/phenomenon ?

12. Qualitative Research Designs HISTORICAL RESEARCH meaning of past events to understand and interpret present facts and future scenarios. H istory of Taguig City O rigins of the Name of Philippines H istory of Intramuros Research Questions: How did something take place? Why was it established? How did the personality become successful?

13. Qualitative Research Designs ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH understanding and describing the culture of a group of people. B urial P ractices of T’boli H ealth Practices of Mangyans W edding Rituals of Tausug Research Questions : What are the characteristics of this cultural trait? How does this cultural practice take place?

14. Qualitative Research Designs CASE STUDY RESEARCH provides a detailed account on one or more cases. Modular Learning among Grade 12 Tech- Voc Students COVID outbreak in Lower Bicutan. Mass Resignation of Nurses at St. Luke’s Taguig Research Question : What are the characteristics of this single case or a comparison of many cases?

15. Qualitative Research Designs GROUNDED THEORY RESEARCH is done to generate and develop a theory from grounded data; focuses on explaining a certain “process” process on how to quit smoking process on how to learn a foreign language process on how to read doctor’s handwriting Research Question: What process emerges from an analysis of data collected about this phenomenon?

16. Qualitative Research Designs ACTION RESEARCH a process where participants (usually teachers) examine their own educational practices to improve it. Remediation S trategies for At-risk Students Improving C omprehension among S truggling R eaders E nhancing P ublic S peaking skills among T ech- V oc Students Research Question: How can this strategy improve this part of my teaching?

17.  Method  Focus      Sample Size  Data Collection  Phenomenological Research  Human Experiences  5 to 25 Interviews Narrative Inquiry Life Stories 1-5 Interviews, Document analysis  Historical Research Past Events  varies Document Analysis, Interviews Grounded Theory Processes  20 to 30 Interviews, Observations,  Case Study In-depth analysis of Units (cases)  varies Interviews, documents, reports, observations Qualitative Research Designs

18.  Method  Focus      Sample Size  Data Collection Ethnographic Research    Cultural Patterns  varies Observation & Interviews Action Research Classroom problems  10-30 Interviews, Observations, FGD’s Qualitative Research Designs

19. Strength Weakness understands sample in natural environment findings not generalizable to whole population STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

20. STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Strength Weakness provides rich data explains phenomena investigates complex issues difficulty in analysis

21. STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Strength Weakness generate new ideas for theories flexible interpretation might be biased

22. STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Strength Weakness data collection is cost efficient data collection is time-consuming

23. In Natural Sciences - where it pertains to an empirical inquiry of natural phenomena including biological life. Importance of Research across Disciplines

24. In Social Sciences - where it involves a study of human behavior and societies. Importance of Research across Disciplines

25. In Education - where educational practices are continuously being developed and classroom problems being addressed to provide quality learning. Importance of Research across Disciplines

26. In Business - where it serves as a way to significant business decisions Importance of Research across Disciplines

27. In Sports where certain programs, activities & exercises produce improved athletic performance. Importance of Research across Disciplines

28. In Arts - where it deals with skills that require dexterity and proficiency. Importance of Research across Disciplines

29. Do you have any questions?

30. references Baraceros , E. (2016). Practical research 1. (pp. 19-28). Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc. Berg, Bruce Lawrence.  Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences . 8th edition. Merriam, Sharan B.  Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation . San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2009.