lesson10 .Differences between Hinduism and utilitarianism

Differences between Hinduism and utilitarianism

1. MODULE 16. Hedonism and Utilitarianis

2. Jeremy Bentham. He was an English philosopher, political radical, and legal and social reformer of the early modern period. He is best known as the founder of utilitarianism.

3. The Principles of Morals and Legislation First published in 1789, it contains the important statement of the foundations of utilitarian philosophy and a pioneering study of crime and punishment, both of which remain at the heart of contemporary debates in moral and political philosophy, economics, and legal theory. – Jeremy Bentham

4. Felicific Calculus it is a method used in utilitarianism to quantify the happiness or pleasure produced by an action, allowing for a comparison of its overall utility. This concept helps assess the moral worth of actions based on their consequences, specifically focusing on the net pleasure or pain generated. The calculation takes into account factors such as intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, fecundity, purity, and extent to determine which action will lead to the greatest good for the greatest number.

5. The variables or "circumstances" considered to be included in the calculation: 1 . Intensity (How strong is the pleasure?) 2. Duration (How long will the pleasure last?) 3. Certainty or uncertainty (How likely or unlikely is it that the pleasure will occur?) 4. Propinquity or remoteness (How soon will the pleasure occur?) 5. Fecundity (The probability that the action will be followed by sensations of the same kind) 6. Purity (The probability that it will not be followed by sensations of the opposite kind) 7. Extent (How many people will be affected?)

6. John Stuart Mill. English philosopher, political economist and member of the British parliament of the early modern period. He was the most influential English-speaking philosopher and liberal thinker of the 19th century, especially in the field of ethics and political philosophy.

7. John Stuart Mill. - Mill is best known for elucidating the utilitarian theory of his teacher Jeremy Bentham. He eventually popularized utilitarianism as a movement of which he later became the best knows exponent and apologist.

8. John Stuart Mill. -He is also known for exerting efforts in many social issues such as slave trade, universal suffrage, and the establishment of labor unions and farm cooperatives. -In his book Utilitarianism. the formula to happiness is pleasure and the absence of pain.

9. 2 Forms of Pleasure according to Mill It refer to intellectual and mental pleasures. The higher forms of pleasure are those that will allow us to exercise human being's higher faculties like for example, one will choose to learn and be educated (uses higher faculty) than to be ignorant and be a fool. Higher Pleasure

10. 2 Forms of Pleasure according to Mill are more basic physical sensations. Lower Pleasure

11. THE THEORIES OF HEDONISM AND UTILITARIANISM Consequentialism is an ethical theory that states that the rightness or wrongness of an action relies on its outcomes. It is the view that the males determinant of the morality of an act is its consequences, hence, the terms consequentialism .

12. Hedonism- it argues that pleasure and happiness are the main aims of human life and the highest of all intrinsic goods achievable by humankind. -It teaches one to maximize net pleasure, that is to say, pleasure minus pain. -In ethics, hedonism is the concept that refers to one's inherent right to look for what is pleasurable to him or her. -Also, it is the idea that it is one's obligation to go in the direction of his or her life wherein he or she would acquire greater amount of pleasure than the amount of pain.

13. Utilitarianism. It is a theory of morality that advocates actions that foster happiness or pleasure and oppose actions that cause unhappiness or harm. When directed toward making social, economic, or political decisions, a utilitarian philosophy would aim for the betterment of society as a whole.

14. Thank You!