Ligaments of female genital tract .pptx

Ligaments of female genital tract

1. Ligaments of female genital tract By- Suryansh Agrawal Athul Anil Aadhilekshmi A S Neethu Jaimon

2. S tructures that support the internal female genitalia in the pelvis Main function is maintenance of uterus in normal position T ough and non-extensible.  act to  support  the female viscera Provide a  conduit  for neurovascular structures LIGAMENTS OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

3. TYPES OF LIGAMENTS L igaments of the female reproductive tract can be divided into three categories ; Broad ligament  Uterine ligaments  Ovarian ligaments 

4. BROAD LIGAMENT Also known as  Ligamentum latum uteri It extends from the lateral pelvic walls on both sides, and folds over the internal female genitalia, covering their surface anteriorly and posteriorly. It doesnot provide any support to the uterus Subdivisions Mesometrium Mesovarium Mesosalpinx  

5. Ligaments Associated with the Ovary Ovarian Ligament The ovarian ligament is attached to the ovary inferiorly. It connects the ovary to the side of the uterus. Structurally, it is a fibrous band of tissue that lies within the broad ligament. It joins the uterus just below the origin of the fallopian tubes. Suspensory Ligament of Ovary The suspensory ligament of ovary extends outwards from the ovary to the lateral abdominal wall. It consists of a fold of peritoneum, thus some sources consider it to be part of the broad ligament. The function of this ligament is to contain the ovarian vessels and nerves (ovarian artery, ovarian vein, ovarian nerve plexus and lymphatic vessels).

6. Round ligament The round ligament is a remnant of the embryonic gubernaculum. It originates at the uterine horns (the points at which the fallopian tubes enter the uterus), and attaches to the labia majora, passing through the inguinal canal. The round ligament can be a source of pain during pregnancy, due to the increased force placed on the ligament by the expanding uterus. Round ligament gives support to uterus indirectly by maintaining the uterus in anteversion and anteflexion.

7. CARDINAL LIGAMENT Also known as – Transverse cervical , Lateral cervical or Mackenrodt’s ligament . Uterine artery , ureter & inferior hypogastric plexus course within this ligament. Main function - Support uterus and provide lateral stability to cervix.

8. UTEROSACRAL LIGAMENT Also known as – Rectouterine or Sacrocervical ligament . Passes inferior to the peritoneum . L ocated lateral to the  rectum   and medial to the  ureters and thus provide the lateral boundaries of the rectouterine and rectovaginal spaces Holds the pelvic splanchnic nerves on top. Main function - Pulls the cervix posterior-ward, maintains the anteversion of uterine body.

9. BROAD LIGAMENTS DISORDERS; most commonly unilateral Classified into 2 types FENESTRA TYPE POUCH TYPE Also can be classified depending on the Anatomic location of the defect; Type1 defects Type 2 defects Type 3 defects PATHOLOGY

10. Also known as UNIVERSAL JOINT CERVIX SYNDROME. main underlying pathology is a laceration of the FASCIAL layers in the broad ligament . results from surgical or traumatic lacerations of the broad ligament during delivery ,induced abortion etc.. Symptoms; Persistent pelvic pain Dyspareunia Menstrual disturbances Back pain BROAD LIGAMENT LACERATION;ALLEN MASTERS SYNDROME

11. Results from a tear in the upper vagina , cervix , or uterus that extends into uterine or vaginal arteries Hematomas caused by tears during dilatation during D&C or D&E procedures is the most common causes of broad ligament hematomas. BACK PAIN FULLNESS OR PRESSURE IN RECTOANAL AREA URGE TO PUSH DIZZINESS SYMPTOMS BROAD LIGAMENT HEMATOMA

12. Reference  https://teachmeanatomy.info/pelvis/female-reproductive-tract/ligaments/ Williams Gynecology, Fourth Edition 4th Edition by  Barbara Hoffman  (Author),  John Schorge  (Author),  Karen Bradshaw  Chapter 38 anatomy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/275773-overview