LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

BASICS OF LIC

1. EC8453-LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

2. WHAT IS AN Integrated Circuit (IC)? If multiple electronic components are interconnected on a single chip of semiconductor material, then that chip is called as an  Integrated Circuit (IC) . It consists of both active and passive components.

3. Types of Integrated Circuits Analog Integrated Circuits: Integrated circuits that operate over an entire range of continuous values of the signal amplitude are called as  Analog Integrated Circuits.  These are further classified into the two types as discussed here − Linear Integrated Circuits   :− An analog IC is said to be Linear, if there exists a linear relation between its voltage and current . IC 741, an 8-pin Dual In-line Package (DIP)op-amp, is an example of Linear IC. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits   :− An analog IC is said to be Non-Linear, if there exists a non-linear relation between its voltage and current . A Non-Linear IC is also called as Radio Frequency IC.

4. CONTI…. Digital Integrated Circuits: If the integrated circuits operate only at a few pre-defined levels instead of operating for an entire range of continuous values of the signal amplitude, then those are called as  Digital Integrated Circuits .

5. COURSE OBJECTIVES To introduce the basic building blocks of linear integrated circuits To learn the linear and non-linear applications of operational amplifiers To introduce the theory and applications of analog multipliers and PLL To learn the theory of ADC and DAC To introduce the concepts of waveform generation and introduce some special function ICs

6. UNIT I BASICS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Topics to be discussed: Basic building blocks of OP-AMP IC Current mirror Voltage sources and voltage reference Differential amplifier with active loads Basic information about op-amps internal circuit diagrams of IC 741 DC and AC performance characteristics slew rate Open and closed loop configurations 

7. UNIT II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Sign Changer, Scale Changer, Phase Shift Circuits Voltage Follower, V-to-I and I-to-V converters adder, subtractor Instrumentation amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator Logarithmic amplifier, Antilogarithmic amplifier Comparators, Schmitt trigger, Precision rectifier peak detector, clipper and clamper Low-pass, high-pass and band-pass Butterworth filters.

8. UNIT III ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL Analog Multiplier using Emitter Coupled Transistor Pair Gilbert Multiplier cell Variable transconductance technique analog multiplier ICs and their applications, Operation of the basic PLL Closed loop analysis Voltage controlled oscillator Monolithic PLL IC 565 application of PLL

9. UNIT IV ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG  CONVERTERS D/A converter weighted resistor type, R-2 Ladder type, Voltage Mode and Current-Mode R – 2R Ladder types switches for D/A converters   high speed sample-and-hold circuits A/D Converters Flash type – Successive Approximation type – Single Slope type – Dual Slope type – A/D Converter using Voltage-to-Time Conversion – Over-sampling A/D Converters, Sigma – Delta converters.

10. UNIT V  WAVEFORM GENERATORS AND SPECIAL FUNCTION ICS Sine-wave generators, Multivibrators and Triangular wave generator, Saw-tooth wave generator ICL8038 function generator Timer IC 555 IC Voltage regulators IC 723 general purpose regulator Monolithic switching regulator Low Drop – Out(LDO) Regulators Switched capacitor filter IC MF10 Frequency to Voltage and Voltage to Frequency converters Audio Power amplifier Video Amplifier Isolation Amplifier, Opto couplers and fibre optic IC.

11. WEB LINKS https://www.classcentral.com/course/swayam-analog-ic-design-10032 https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/

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