Linguistics and Its Branches.pptx

Linguistics and Its Branches

1. Linguistics and Its Branches SUPERVISED BY DR. KHALEEL AL-BATAINEH BY : OLA MOHAMMAD ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND TRANSLATION

2. Linguistics What is linguistics ? Linguistics is the scientific study of human language.

3. 1: a person accomplished in languages especially : one who speaks several languages 2: a person who specializes in linguistics What is a linguist ?

4. Linguistics Branches are devided into two categories . Major Branches Mi nor Branches Phonology Sociolinguistics Semantics Pragmatics Syntax Morphology Phonetics P sycholinguistics

5. What is Phonology? Phonology is the study of the patterns of sounds in a language and across languages. Put more formally, phonology is the study of the categorical organisation of speech sounds in languages; how speech sounds are organised in the mind and used to convey meaning. An example of phonology is the study of the movements the body goes through in order to create sounds - such as the pronunciation of the letter "t" in "bet," where the vocal cords stop vibrating causing the "t" sound to be a result of the placement of the tongue behind the teeth and the flow of air.

6. Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the production and classification of the world’s speech sounds. The production of speech looks at the interaction of different vocal organs, for example the lips, tongue and teeth, to produce particular sound. By classification of speech, we focus on the sorting of speech sounds into categories which can be seen.

7. Morphology – the internal structure of words. Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words and forms a core part of linguistic study today. What is a word? Smallest independent units of language Independent: do not depend on other words. can be separated from other units. can change position. The man looked at the horses. s is the plural marker, dependent on the noun horse to receive meaning Horses is a word: can occur in other positions or stand on its own.

8. Syntax is the arrangement of words and phrases in a specific order. If you change the position of even one word, it’s possible to change the meaning of the entire sentence.

9. 1 Subject → verb The dog barked. 2 Subject → verb → direct object The dog carried the ball. 3 Subject → verb → subject complement The dog is playful. 4 Subject → verb → adverbial complement The dog ate hungrily. 5 Subject → verb → indirect object → direct object The dog gave me the ball. 6 Subject → verb → direct object → object complement The dog made the ball dirty. 7 Subject → verb → direct object → adverbial complement The dog perked its ears up.

10. Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society. Sociolinguistics is concerned with how language use interacts with, or is affected by, social factors such as gender, ethnicity, age or social class. An example of sociolinguistics is a study of Arabic and English being spoken together as Arbnglish .

11. Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental aspects of language and speech. It is primarily concerned with the ways in which language is represented and processed in the brain. An example of psycholinguistics is a study of how certain words represent traumatic events for some people.

12. Phonology is the study of sound structure in language. Morphology is a study and description of word formation (such as inflection, derivation, and compounding) in language. Syntax deals with the formal properties of languages. Semantics is the study of meaning or relationship of meanings of a sign or set of signs especially connotative meaning.

13. Pragmatics is relating to matters of fact or practical affairs often to the exclusion of intellectual or artistic matters . Phonetics is the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages. Sociolinguistics is the study of linguistic behavior as determined by sociocultural factors. Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental faculties involved in the perception, production, and acquisition of language.

14. Thank you