Linux intro Day 1 - A brief history.pptx

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1. A Brief History of Linux

2. The Unix operating system was conceived and implemented by Dennis Ritchie, Ken Thompson, Brian W. Kerrington of Bell Labs in 1969. The name UNIX was initially written as UNICS (Uniplex Information and Computing System) Anyone could get UNIX from the Bell Labs on a tape For a nominal fee, source code of the OS too had been Provided !!! 1970: University of California, Berkeley made further Improvement to UNIX source – included TCP/IP Networking in it. This is known as the BSD (Berkeley Systems Distribution ) and initially released in 1977. It became yet another popular flavour of UNIX. Source code was publicly made available: the license permitted redistribution, with source Or without source provided that Berkeley was credited. Events leading to creation of Linux

3. Unix The Unix operating system was developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie of AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1969 and first released in 1970.

4. MINIX In 1977 the University of California, Berkeley released a free UNIX-like system, Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). But BSD contained Unix code, so AT&T sued. Andrew S. Tanenbaum

5. GNU Project In 1983, Richard Stallman started the GNU project to create a free UNIX-like operating system. Hurd (the GNU kernel) failed to attract enough developers, leaving GNU incomplete.

6. https://goo.gl/AMqWkD on 21 Aug 1991 Linus Torvalds made the first announcement about a new operating system Born: December 28, 1969 Born in Helsinki, Finland Chief developer on the Linux kernel Created the revision control system Git 2014 IEEE Computer Society Computer Pioneer Award

7. “The Code” Story of Linux bit.ly/TheStoryOfLinux The Mind Behind Linux; Linus Torvalds bit.ly/TheMindBehindLinux

8. Linux Torvalds made the code of Linux freely available to everyone on the internet, and therefore lots of people created their own versions of Linux. Linux is therefore an example of Open-source software, in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software is often developed in a public, collaborative manner.

9. Timeline of Linux

10. Slackware Slackware is oriented toward simplicity and software purity Provides no graphical installation procedure July 1993 Developed by: Patrick Volkerding

11. Debian The Debian Project's policies focus on collaborative software development and testing processes New release every two years. September 1993 Developed by: Ian Murdock and the Debian Project

12. SUSE "Software und System-Entwicklung", meaning "Software and systems development". Often includes YaST setup and configuration tool 1994 Developed by: Roland Dyroff, Thomas Fehr, Burchard Steinbild, and Hubert Mantel

13. Red Hat In 2003 Red Hat Linux merged with the community-based Fedora Project Introduced a graphical installer called Anaconda and Lokkit for configuring the firewall capabilities. May 1995 Developed by: Bob Young, Marc Ewing and Red Hat Inc.

14. Knoppix Can be used to copy files easily from hard drives with inaccessible operating systems. Designed to be booted straight from CD, DVD or USB. September 2000 Developed by: Klaus Knopper

15. Gentoo Gentoo package management is designed to be modular, portable, and easy to maintain. Not a binary software distribution, source code is compiled locally and optimized for the specific type of computer. March 2002 Developed by: Daniel Robbins and Gentoo Foundation

16. Fedora Focuses on innovation, integrating new technologies early on and working closely with Linux communities. Linus Torvalds uses Fedora on all of his computers. November 2003 Developed by: Fedora Project (owned by Red Hat)

17. CentOS The project is affiliated with Red Hat but aspires to be more public, open, and inclusive. Provides a free, enterprise-class, community-supported computing platform. 2004 Developed by: David Parsley, Lance Davis and the CentOS Project

18. Ubuntu Committed to open source development; encouraged to use free software, study how it works, improve upon it, and distribute it. Named after the Southern African philosophy of ubuntu (literally, "human-ness"). October 2004 Developed by: Mark Shuttleworth and Canonical Ltd.

19. Oracle Based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), repackaged and freely distributed by Oracle. Oracle Linux supports KVM and Xen. October 2006 Developed by: Oracle Corporation

20. Musix Collection of software for audio production, graphic design, video editing and general purpose applications. Documentation is in Spanish. December 2006 Developed by: Marcos Germán Guglielmetti. And teams from Argentina, Spain, Mexico and Brazil.

21. Android Android is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. The most widely used mobile OS. September 2008 Developed by: Google, and Open Handset Alliance

22. Some Linux Desktop Environments

23. Xfce It aims to be fast and lightweight, while still being visually appealing and easy to use. Does not feature any desktop animations, but translucency effect is supported. 1996 Developed by: Olivier Fourdan

24. Enlightenment Enlightenment developers have referred to it as "the original eye-candy window manager“ Supports virtual desktops 1997 Developed by: Carsten Haitzler (aka Raster or Rasterman)

25. KDE Developed as an easy-to-use environment Works well with multimedia devices and applications and mobile devices. July 1998 Developed by: Matthias Ettrich and KDE

26. GNOME Focuses on internationalization and localization and accessibility of software. Incorporates freedesktop.org standards and programs to better interoperate with other desktops. March 1999 Developed by: Miguel de Icaza, Federico Mena, and the GNOME project

27. LXDE Suitable for resource-constrained computers, e.g., netbooks or System on a chip computers. A desktop environment that is fast and energy efficient 2006 Developed by: Hong Jen Yee ( aka PCMan)

28. Razor-qt Tailored for users who value simplicity, speed, and an intuitive interface Merged with LXDE in 2013 to become LXQt 2010 Developed by: The Razor-qt Team

29. MATE Forked from GNOME 2, to maintain the simple and clean interface that was controversially removed in GNOME 3. August 2011 Developed by: Perberos and MATE Developers