Literature Review

Literature Review Process – Role, importance, sources, methods, software tools for literature review. Formulation of Research Problem

1. Dr.Dipali Meher [email protected] # DipaliMeher Literature Review Collected by #DipaliMeher

2. Agenda Literature Review Process Role of Literature Review Importance of Literature Review S ources of Literature Review M ethods of Literature Review Software tools for Literature Review Formulation of Research Problem  Collected by #DipaliMeher

3. Literature R e view Literature Review  is a comprehensive survey of the works published in a particular field of study or line of research, usually over a specific period of time, in the form of an in-depth, critical bibliographic essay or annotated list in which attention is drawn to the most significant works. Collected by #DipaliMeher

4. PURPOSES (NEED) OF LITERATURE REVIEW Provides thorough knowledge of previous studies; introduces seminal works. Helps focus one’s own research topic. Identifies a conceptual framework for one’s own research questions or problems; indicates potential directions for future research. Suggests previously unused or underused methodologies, designs, and quantitative and qualitative strategies. Identifies gaps in previous studies; identifies flawed methodologies and/or theoretical approaches; avoids replication of mistakes. Helps the researcher avoid the repetition of earlier research. Suggests unexplored populations. Determines whether past studies agree or disagree; identifies controversy in the literature. Tests assumptions may help counter preconceived ideas and remove unconscious bias . Collected by #DipaliMeher

5. PURPOSES (NEED) OF LITERATURE REVIEW Explains the background of research on a topic. Demonstrates why a topic is significant to a subject area. Helps focus your own research questions or problems Discovers relationships between research studies/ideas. Suggests unexplored ideas or populations Identifies major themes, concepts, and researchers on a topic. Tests assumptions; may help counter preconceived ideas and remove unconscious bias. Identifies critical gaps, points of disagreement, or potentially flawed methodology or theoretical approaches. Collected by #DipaliMeher

6. Literature Review A literature review normally falls into two parts. Initially, research students explore the literature to look for a suitable research idea and discover relevant material about any possible research topics, for example, journals that regularly publish articles on the chosen subject area, authors who are frequently cited in articles about the problem and survey articles that review the previous work on a particular topic and identify where more research is needed. This helps students to get a feel for the area and define a research problem. The second part of the literature review begins once a topic is chosen. It carries on throughout the remainder of the research time, up to and including writing the thesis or dissertation and preparing for a viva or presentation. The aim is to gather and present evidence to support your claim that you have created some new knowledge. A successful literature review meet the objectives of research. Collected by #DipaliMeher

7. Objectives of Literature Review Show that the researcher is aware of existing work in the chosen topic area. Place the researcher’s work in the context of what has already been published. Point to strengths, weaknesses, omissions or bias in the previous work. Identify key issues or crucial questions that are troubling the research community. Point to gaps that have not previously been identified or addressed by researchers. Identify theories that the researcher will test or explore by gathering data from the field. Suggest theories that might explain data the researcher has gathered from the field. Identify theories, genres, methods or algorithms that will be incorporated in the development of a computer application. Identify research methods or strategies that the researcher will use in the research. Enable subsequent researchers to understand the field and the researcher’s work within that field. Collected by #DipaliMeher

8. Resources for Literature Review BOOKS Year Books e.g., published as supplements to Encyclopaedias. Text Books. Reference Books. Manuals JOURNALS: Published monthly, Quarterly, Half yearly or Annually. Conference and Workshop Proceedings REPORTS: Reports of Committees/Commissions appointed by Governments and Public institutions. Seminar Reports and Conference proceedings. Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations. Research Dissertations and theses Newspapers Micro Forms: Audio and Video tapes Art exhibition Catalogues Multimedia Literature Resource catalogues and online databases Academic Gateways People Collected by #DipaliMeher

9. Books Textbooks can be useful as introductory sources. They explain a field and the main approaches or theories used within it, and they give guidance on particular methods or techniques. However, these books are aimed at students on taught courses, not at academic researchers, which is what you should be aspiring to be, so they are only rarely cited in a literature review. You can look for references used in textbooks. They are used to clear core concept of related topic. Collected by #DipaliMeher

10. Manuals Manuals can be a valuable source of information, particularly for design and creation projects where you will often need to use the relevant technical manuals to use particular software packages or computer systems. However, useful as they are, they are not refereed academic works giving insight into current thinking in the field. They are not often cited in a literature review. Collected by #DipaliMeher

11. Journals Academic journal articles are where you should find information on the current thinking and research in your area of interest. Your final literature review will probably contain mostly journal articles. They can be difficult to read at first, so you might find it best to gain an understanding of the area through books before exploring journal articles for the latest developments. Also useful when you first start are journal articles Those journals containing refereed articles are rated more highly than those with non-refereed articles. ‘Refereed’ means that articles have been ‘peer reviewed’: academics unknown to an article’s authors assess its suitability and quality before a decision is taken on whether to publish it in the journal. (Look at a journal’s website under ‘Instructions for Authors’ to find out whether articles are normally submitted for peer review before acceptance or rejection.) Collected by #DipaliMeher

12. #DipaliMeher Conference & Workshop Proceedings At conferences, professionals and scholars explore the latest trends, share new ideas, and present new research. Searching Conference papers allows you to see research before it is published and get a feel for what is going on in a particular organization or within a particular group.  Many electronic databases include conference proceedings, but with  ProceedingsFirst  database, you can search proceedings alone. 

13. Reports Ph. D Dissertations Reports of various committee Collected by #DipaliMeher

14. Newspapers, magazines, radio and television Newspapers, magazines and broadcast programmes can be a valuable resource for up-to-date information. Some carry authoritative articles by expert journalists, for example the Financial Times or Wall Street Journal, the Economist or Time magazines, and the BBC or CNN. They are often available on CD-ROM or microfiche, and online. However, many press and broadcasting organizations are biased politically or geographically, and the articles and programmes are not subject to peer review. They can therefore be useful for finding a way into a subject, but you should not normally use them much in your literature review. Collected by #DipaliMeher

15. Art exhibition catalogues Those researching into computers and art find art exhibitor. catalogues useful. Here artists often offer personal statements or essays on their atm and their artistic process. Such catalogues often also contain critical reviews by art critics, who analyze the work and place it in a broader historical context. Remember, however, that such essays are not peer reviewed as in most academic research — they reflect the personal, subjective views of the artist or art critic. Collected by #DipaliMeher

16. Methods of Literature Review Collected by #DipaliMeher

17. Methods of Literature Review: Comprehensive Literature Review Collected by #DipaliMeher

18. Software tools for Literature Review Literature Review Software MAXQDA | Powerful and Easy-to-use - MAXQDA Mendeley  Literature Review and Critical Analysis tool for Researchers | RAx (raxter.io) Best Literature Review Tool | Analyse a Literature Matrix in Seconds (scholarcy.com) Elicit: The AI Research Assistant Literature review tool – Hopscotch (hopscotchmodel.com) Collected by #DipaliMeher

19. Formulation of Research Problem  Collected by #DipaliMeher

20. Formulation of Research Problem  4.0 Introduction 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Sources of Identifying a Problem 4.2.1 Professional Experience 4.2.2 Professional Literature 4.2.3 Inference from Theories and Other Sources 4.3 Definition of the Problem 4.3.1 Statement of the Problem 4.3.2 Operationalization of Variables 4.3.3 Evaluation of the Problem 4.4 Hypothesis 4.4.1 Importance of Hypothesis 4.4.2 Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis 4.4.3 Formulation of Hypothesis 4.4.4 Three Forms of Hypothesis 4.5 Hypothesizing in Various Types of Research 4.5.1 Hypothesis in Historical Research 4.5.2 Hypothesis in Experimental Research 4.5.3 Hypothesis in Descriptive Research 4.6 Let Us Sum Up 4.7 Check Your Progress: The Key Collected by #DipaliMeher

21. References Research methodology techniques and methods https://ccsuniversity.ac.in/bridge-library/pdf/Research-Methodology-CR-Kothari.pdf   by New age International publishers. By C. R Kothari Researching Information Systems and Computing Sage Publications by Oates B J Block_1 (egyankosh.ac.in) Collected by #DipaliMeher