Literature Review with Sytematic Literature Review

Literature review

1. www.csrf.ac.uk
Doing Literature Review for Thesis, Research Proposals
and Academic Publications
DhananSarwoUtomo
[email protected]
Centre for Sustainable Road Freight
Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh

2. Whatisaresearchliteraturereview?Whydoone?
§Aresearchliteraturereviewisasystematic,explicit,andreproduciblemethodforidentifying
evaluating,andsynthesizingthe existing body of completed and recorded work produced by
researchers, scholars, andpractitioners.
§When it is needed:
§WriteProposalsforFunding
§WriteProposalsforAcademicDegrees
§Thesis and dissertation
§DescribeandExplainCurrentKnowledgetoGuideProfessionalPractice
§IdentifyEffectiveResearchandDevelopmentMethods
§IdentifyFundingSourcesandWorksinProgress
§SatisfyPersonalCuriosity

3. What is the general goal?
§What you should be able to tell by the end of you literature review?
Audience
Academic Community
Thesis, Dissertation, Research
grant, journal publication
Government & Business
Government / Business Funding
Body, Consultation
Novelty / Academic
Contribution
Future research agenda
Best Practice
Potential policy interventions
New innovations
Today’s focus

4. Novelty / Academic Contribution Some Template
Theory 1Theory 2Theory 3
Research Question AResearch Question DResearch Question E
Research Question BResearch Question F
Research Question C
Possibility:
Research question G is not explained by the three theories but possibly can be
explained by theory 4.
Research question G share the characteristics of research question A and E, so
perhaps we can combine theory 1 and 3.
Phenomena

5. Novelty / Academic Contribution Some Template
Methodology 1Methodology 2Methodology 3
Strength AStrength BStrength C
Weakness DWeakness EWeakness F
Possibility:
Methodology 4 is never been used to study the phenomena, but may be beneficial
because, for example it eliminates weakness D, E, and F
Combining Methodology 1 and 2 may be beneficial to eliminate weakness D and E,
while retaining Strength A and B.
Phenomena

6. Novelty / Academic Contribution Some Template
Possibility:
The theory has successfully explained case 1 and 2, but can it explained case 3
whose characteristics are different?
Reminder:Sometimes not appropriate for PhD thesis and hard to publish
Case 1Case 2Case 3
Theory

7. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-
Analyses (PRISMA)
§To fill in the academic contribution template we need a systematic guidelines
§PRISMA is a framework to help authors improve the reporting of systematic reviews and
meta-analyses.
§PRISMA is useful for critical appraisal of published systematic reviews, although it is not a
quality assessment instrument to gauge the quality of a systematic review.
§It was started in medical and healthcare field to summarise the effect of random trials. But
becoming popular in other fields.
§http://www.prisma-statement.org/

8. PRISMA Framework
Identification
Screening
Eligibility
Included

9. PRISMA Identification Phase
§The objective is to find sufficient materials for your literature review.
§At the beginning make sure you find as many as you can.
§Possible strategy:
§Multiple databases search
§Selected journal search
§Backward and forward citation analysis

10. PRISMA Identification Phase: Multiple databases search
§Make use of scientific data bases such as Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Proquestetc.
§Keywords combination is very important, make sure that you:
§List all keywords used in the previous relevant publications
§Experiment with singular and plural forms
§Make a table to record the returning articles
§Demonstration if possible

11. PRISMA Identification Phase: Selected journal search
§Thorough search in all journals relevant to your research fields.
§Journal selection is very important, make sure that youhave considered journals listed in
official lists (example Association of Business School, Australian Business Dean Council,
HarzingList)

12. PRISMA Identification Phase: Backward and forward citation
analysis
§Pick the most relevant paper to your
research:
§Search the reference list for other relevant
paper
§Find who have cited your initial paper
§Repeat the process until you cannot find
any new paper

13. PRISMA Screening Phase
§The objective is to remove any duplicates you may have in your literature database
§This can be done automatically using reference management software that will be explained
later on.

14. PRISMA Eligibility AssessmentPhase
§To select which literature to be included for analysis
§Make sure you mention specifically the inclusion criteria, for example:
§You only include a paper if you have full access to it
§Because the number of relevant paper is huge (lets say more than 1000), then firstly you
remove thesis and dissertation, secondly you remove conference proceedings.
§Because publications prior to 2010 have been extensively reviewed, you only review
publications from 2010 onwards
§Bear in mind that the acceptable number of retained paper is 50 –100 for a literature review
paper, or up to 200 for PhD thesis.

15. PRISMA Eligibility Assessment Phase
§Example from my inclusion criteria “These articles were then screened individually to ensure
relevance using the following the following criteria.
§Firstly, the article must be accessible to the wider academic community.
§Secondly, the article must feature a complete ABS model rather than simply an
unimplemented conceptual ABS model.
§Thirdly, we excluded literature review papers.
§Fourthly, we excluded articles that focus only on nonhuman actors and articles in which the
keywords only appear in the reference section.
§Finally, the article must address research questions related to supply chain topics (e.g.,
processes and production systems, inventory management, demand management and
improving the performance in the supply chain”

16. PRISMA Included for further analysis Phase
§Create specific categories to classify your literature
§Easiest strategy (Reminder: This is not the only strategy and does always work):
§Check your title / topic and break it down into several components
§Check categories used to classify each component in previous publications
§Combine different classifications
§Example my title:
Applications of agent-based modelling and simulationin the agri-food supply chains

17. PRISMA Included for further analysis Phase
§Categories that have been used to classify modelling and simulation studies:
§Optimisation
§Statistics
§Agent-based simulation
§Discrete-event simulation
§System Dynamics
§Categories that have been used to classify agri-food supply chainsstudies:
§Transaction Cost Economics
§Resource Based View
§Principal Agent Theory
§Theory of Planned Behaviour

18. PRISMA Included for further analysis Phase
Transaction Cost
Economics
Resource Based ViewPrincipal Agent
Theory
Theory of Planned
Behaviour
OptimisationAuthor 1 (xxxx)Author 2 (xxxx)
Statistics Author 3 (xxxx)Author 4 (xxxx)
Agent-based
simulation
Author 5 (xxxx)Author 6 (xxxx)
Discrete-event
simulation
Author 7 (xxxx)Author 8 (xxxx)Author 9 (xxxx)
System DynamicsAuthor 10 (xxxx)Author 11 (xxxx)Author 12 (xxxx)
May be these are potential research area, find reason to justify:
Why these area are rarely discussed?
Why it is important to address these area?
What are the benefits of addressing these area?
What do we need to address these area?

19. The Use of Reference Management Software
§Reference management software, citation management software, company reference
software or personal bibliographic management software is software for scholars and
authors to use for recording and utilising bibliographic citations (references) as well as
managing project references either as a company or an individual.
§It helps you to:
§Gather relevant literature
§Categorise your literature
§Keep you reference list robust
§Type of Reference Management Software
§EndNote (our example today)
§JabRef
§Mendeley
§Zotero

20. The Use of Reference Management Software
Newly created endnote library

21. The Use of Reference Management Software
Download bibliographic data

22. The Use of Reference Management Software
Double click to import reference

23. The Use of Reference Management Software
By clicking this button you can simultaneously download the pdf for your entire library from all possible
sources you have access to

24. The Use of Reference Management Software
You can easily remove all duplicates. This help you in the literature screening process

25. The Use of Reference Management Software
It is accompanied with
fully working pdf reader,
so don’t bother to
browse your messy
folders.
If you right click on
endnote’s pdf reader, it
automatically open your
pdf in Acrobat Reader,
Foxit etc

26. The Use of Reference Management Software
You can easily categorise
your literature into
groups

27. The Use of Reference Management Software
You can combine different groups
using logical operators.
For example I am checking whether
application research that employ
hybrid modelling exists.
Hurray!!! No such research exists,
this could be my future research

28. The Use of Reference Management Software
A Special tab will automatically appear in your word processor (Microsoft or Open Office)

29. The Use of Reference Management Software
Just access endnote tab when you need to cite something. Write a part of author’s name or title,
select the intended paper and press insert

30. The Use of Reference Management Software
Citation and reference section will be automatically created for you
Don’t bother to copy and paste or worry about missing reference anymore

31. The Use of Bibliographic Mapping Software
§It is a software tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks.
§These networks may for instance include journals, researchers, or individual publications,
and they can be constructed based on:
§Citation: Paper 1 and 2 are connected because Paper 1 was cited in Paper 2
§Bibliographic coupling (Co-occurrence): Paper 1 and 2 are connected because they
share same keywords
§Co-citation: Paper 1 and 2 are connected because they cite same papers
§Co-authorship relations: Paper 1 and 2 are connected because they were authored by
the same person
§Example:
§https://www.vosviewer.com/(Our example today)
§https://sci2s.ugr.es/scimat/
§http://www.bibliometrix.org/

32. The Use of Bibliographic Mapping Software
To visualize the relationships within your literature database, just click create and select all RIS files you
have downloaded previously

33. The Use of Bibliographic Mapping Software
Citation analysis example: I can tell that Schreinemacher(2011) is the most important paper in the area I
am researching

34. The Use of Bibliographic Mapping Software
Co-Occurrence analysis example: I can tell that sustainability is not a popular keyword in my research area.
If it is important then it can be a potential future research

35. Writing Tips
Make it your habit, put it in your comfort zone
“If you want to ruin your life, just do slightly less than the target, EVERYDAY, if you want to be a
high performer, just do slightly more, EVERY DAY”
-Jim Rohn-
Read
Academic Life
Write

36. THANK YOU

37. References
§Fink, A. (2019).Conducting research literature reviews: From the internet to paper. Sage
publications.