Local Anesthetics-medicinal chemistry

Local Anesthetics: SAR of Local anesthetics
Benzoic Acid derivatives; Cocaine, Hexylcaine, Meprylcaine, Cyclomethycaine, Piperocaine.
Amino Benzoic acid derivatives: Benzocaine*, Butamben, Procaine*, Butacaine, Propoxycaine, Tetracaine, Benoxinate.
Lidocaine/Anilide derivatives: Lignocaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine, Etidocaine, Bupivacaine
Miscellaneous: Phenacaine, Diperodon, Dibucaine.*

1. Local Anesthetics

2. CLASSIFICATION OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS 1.Benzoic Acid derivatives ; Cocaine, Hexylcaine, Meprylcaine, Cyclomethycaine, Piperocaine. 2.Amino Benzoic acid derivatives : Benzocaine*, Butamben, Procaine *, Butacaine, Propoxycaine, Tetracaine, Benoxinate. 3.Lidocaine/ Anilide derivatives : Lignocaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine, Etidocaine, Bupivacaine 4.Miscellaneous : Phenacaine, Diperodon, Dibucaine.*

3. Amino Benzoic acid derivatives

4. Benzoic Acid derivatives

5. Amino Benzoic acid derivatives Butamben was indicated for the treatment of chronic pain due to its long-duration effect. It is also indicated as a surface anesthetic for skin a mucous membrane and for the relief of pain and pruritus associated with anorectal disorders

6. BUTACAINE Butacaine is a white crystalline ester used as a local anesthetic.

7. Propoxycaine Propoxycaine is a para-aminobenzoic acid ester with local anesthetic activity. Propoxycaine binds to and blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the ionic flux essential for the conduction of nerve impulses. This results in a loss of sensation

8. Tetracaine Tetracaine eye drops are used to numb the eye before surgery, certain tests, or procedures. The eye drops are used to prevent pain during the procedure. Tetracaine belongs to the group of medicines called local anesthetics. It works by blocking the pain signals at the nerve endings in the eye.

9. Oxybuprocaine Oxybuprocaine (also known as Benoxinate ) is a local anesthetic, which is used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology. Oxybuprocaine binds to sodium channels and reversibly stabilizes the neuronal membrane which decreases its permeability to sodium ions.

10. Lidocaine/ Anilide derivatives LIGNOCAINE (LYE doe kane ) is an anesthetic. It causes loss of feeling in the skin and surrounding tissues. It is used to prevent and to treat pain from some procedures. This medicine is also used to treat minor burns, scrapes and insect bites.

11. Mepivacaine Mepivacaine injection is used to cause numbness or loss of feeling and prevention of pain for patients having certain medical procedures. This medicine is to be given only by or under the direct supervision of your doctor.

12. Prilocaine Prilocaine topical cream is used on the skin or in the genital area to cause numbness or loss of feeling before certain medical procedures. It is also used to prevent pain caused by an injection, the drawing of blood from a vein, or minor surgeries such as removing warts.

13. Etidocaine Etidocaine is marketed under the name Duranest . It is an  injectable local anesthetic during surgery, labor, and delivery. Etidocaine has a long duration of activity, but has the main disadvantage of increased bleeding during oral surgery.

14. Phenacaine

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