Louis sullivan

louis sullivan (chicago school architects 1)

1. FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION

2. LOUIS SULLIVAN HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE- 5 INDRAJIT KONER B.ARCH SEM-5 AAAD

3. ARCHITECT LOUIS SULLIVAN Louis Henry Sullivan (September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924)was an American architect, and has been called the "father of skyscrapers "and "father of modernism ". He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School, was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects who have come to be known as the Prairie School .

4. Philosophies of louis Sullivan Louis Sullivan coined the phrase "form follows function”. This statement, which placed the demands of practical use above aesthetics , would later be taken by influential designers to imply that decorative elements, which architects call "ornament," were unnecessary in modern Building. He often punctuated that the plain surfaces of buildings were eruptions of lush Art Nouveau and something like Celtic Revival decorations, usually made of cast iron or terracotta , ranging from organic forms like vines and ivy, to more geometric designs, and interlace, inspired by his Irish design heritage.

5. Signature elements used by Sullivan Probably the most famous example is the writhing green ironwork that covers the entrance canopies of the Carson Pirie Scott store on South State Street. These ornaments, often executed by the talented younger draftsman in Sullivan's employ, would eventually become Sullivan's trademark ; to students of architecture, they are his instantly-recognizable signature . Another signature element of Sullivan's work is the massive, semi-circular arch. Sullivan employed such arches throughout his career—in shaping entrances, in framing windows , or as interior design.

6. CARSON PIRIE SCOTT BUILDING The Sullivan Center, formerly known as the Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building or Carson, Pirie, is a commercial building at 1 South State Street at the corner of East Madison Street in Chicago, Illinois . The building is remarkable for its steel-framed structure, which allowed a dramatic increase in window area created by bay-wide windows, which in turn allowed for the greatest amount of daylight into the building interiors. This provided larger displays of merchandise to outside pedestrian traffic creating the idea of the sidewalk showcase. In between the windows were lavish bands of terra cotta that replaced the earlier plan for white Georgia quarries because it was lightweight and inexpensive. Another reason for the change in what type of marble they would use in construction was that stonecutters were having a strike in 1898 during the time of construction .

7. CARSON PIRIE SCOTT BUILDING The lavish Bronze-plated cast-iron ornamental work above the rounded tower was also meant to be functional because it was to be as resilient as a sheet of copper . Both the use of bronze and terra cotta was important to setting the building apart from others because it was essentially fire resistant. It created a sense of monumentality. Sullivan thought the building would be an asset to the city for a long period of time. To ensure this great building would last and be resilient against the threat of fire, there was a 40 ft water tower put on the roof to supply the sprinkler system with enough water. Sullivan designed the corner entry to be seen from both State and Madison, and that the ornamentation, situated above the entrance, would be literally attractive, which would give the store an elegant unique persona important to the competitiveness of the neighboring stores.

8. CHICAGO AUDITORUM The Auditorium Building in Chicago is one of the best-known designs of Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler. Completed in 1889. As a young apprentice, Frank Lloyd Wright worked on some of the interior design. Sullivan and Adler designed a tall structure with load-bearing outer wall . The Auditorium is a heavy, impressive structure externally, and was more striking in its day when buildings of its scale were less common.

9. CHICAGO AUDITORUM The building, which when constructed was the largest in the United States and the tallest in Chicago, was designed to be a multi-use complex, including offices, a theater and a hotel . One of the most innovative features of the building was its massive raft foundation. In the center of the building was a 4,300 seat auditorium, originally intended primarily for production of Grand Opera. In keeping with Peck's democratic ideals, the auditorium was designed so that all seats would have good views and acoustics. The building was equipped with the first central air conditioning system and the theater was the first to be entirely lit by incandescent light bulbs

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