Lung_Volumes_and_Capacities_physiology.pptx

Lung

1. Lung Volumes and Capacities A Presentation for First-Year MBBS Students

2. Introduction to Lung Volumes & Capacities Lung volumes and capacities are essential for understanding respiratory physiology. They help in assessing pulmonary function and diagnosing respiratory diseases.

3. Basic Definitions - Lung Volumes: Individual components of air movement in and out of lungs. - Lung Capacities: Combinations of two or more lung volumes. - Measured using spirometry.

4. Lung Volumes - **Tidal Volume (TV):** Air inhaled/exhaled per breath (~500 mL) - **Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV):** Extra air inhaled beyond TV (~3000 mL) - **Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV):** Extra air exhaled beyond TV (~1200 mL) - **Residual Volume (RV):** Air remaining after forced exhalation (~1200 mL)

5. Lung Capacities - **Inspiratory Capacity (IC):** TV + IRV (~3500 mL) - **Functional Residual Capacity (FRC):** ERV + RV (~2400 mL) - **Vital Capacity (VC):** IRV + TV + ERV (~4700 mL) - **Total Lung Capacity (TLC):** IRV + TV + ERV + RV (~5900 mL)

6. Spirometry Spirometry is a test used to measure lung volumes and capacities. It helps diagnose obstructive and restrictive lung diseases.

7. Clinical Importance - Assesses lung function in diseases like COPD, asthma, and fibrosis. - Helps monitor treatment effectiveness. - Differentiates between obstructive and restrictive lung diseases.

8. Summary - Lung volumes and capacities are key to understanding respiration. - Measured using spirometry. - Essential for diagnosing and managing lung diseases.

9. Thank You! Questions?