Lxc- Introduction

How to use LXC containers.

1. LXC
Introduction
Lus Eduardo
[email protected]
Federal University of Pernambuco
November 2014
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 1 / 19

2. Summary
1
Denition
2
General
3
Implementations
Main implementations
4
Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 2 / 19

3. Denition
Linux Containers (LXC for LinuX Containers) are lightweight virtual
machines (VMs) which are realized using features provided by a
modern Linux kernel { VMs without the hypervisor.
Operational system-level virtualization method for running multiples
and isolated systems (containers) on a single host.
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 3 / 19

4. General
Lightweight process virtualization is not new
Chroot
Solaris Zones
BSD jails
AIX WPARs (Workload Partitions)
Linux-based containers projects
Why now?
Kernel Support+3.8(Febuary 2013)
Namespaces
Cgroups
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5. Implementations
Figure:
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6. Summary
1
Denition
2
General
3
Implementations
Main implementations
4
Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 6 / 19

7. Main implementations
LXC
Mostly written in C
Stable and mature codebase
Docker
Mostly written in Go
Stable and mature codebase
Similar architecture with conguration management
OpenVZ
Mostly written in C
Stable and mature codebase
Project that gave rise to several other
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 7 / 19

8. Summary
1
Denition
2
General
3
Implementations
Main implementations
4
Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 8 / 19

9. Installation
Debian distributions
$ sudo apt-get install lxc
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 9 / 19

10. Summary
1
Denition
2
General
3
Implementations
Main implementations
4
Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 10 / 19

11. Usage
Test installation:
Check congurations
$ sudo lxc-checkcong
Figure:
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12. Usage
Your rst container:
Run rst container
$ sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n ubuntulxc
Where:
-t: template
-n: name of container
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13. Usage
See information about new container:
Container information
$ sudo lxc-ls -f
Start new container:
Start new container
$ sudo lxc-start -n ubuntulxc
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14. Usage
Stop a container
$ sudo lxc-stop -n ubuntulxc
Destroy a container
$ sudo lxc-destroy -n ubuntulxc
Clone a container
$ sudo lxc-clone -o ubuntulxc -n ubuntulxc2
Execute a temporary container
$ sudo lxc-execute -n guest { sleep 100
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15. Summary
1
Denition
2
General
3
Implementations
Main implementations
4
Using LXC
Installation
Basic Usage
Advanced Use
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 15 / 19

16. Advanced Use
Containers storage: /var/lib/lxc/
Main conguration le: /var/lib/lxc/YOURCONTAINER/cong
Cgroups les: /sys/fs/cgroup/.../lxc/YOURCONTAINER/
Scripts to install some templates: /usr/share/lxc/templates
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17. Advanced Use
Controlling Container Resources
CPU information
$ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc cpuset.cpus
CPU time and block I/O access
$ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc cpu.shares 256
$ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc blkio.weight 500
Dynamic Memory Allocation
$ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc memory.softlimitinbytes 268435456
$ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc memory.limitinbytes 53687091
More cgroups here.
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18. References
LXC Ubuntu. Avaiable at:
https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/lxc.html.
Oracle Documentation. Avaiable at:
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E3767001/E37355/html/olcgroups.html.
Arch Linux Containers. Avaiable at:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/LinuxContainers.
Wikipedia LXC. Avaiable at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LXC.
Rathore, Muhammad Siraj, Markus Hidell, and Peter Sjodin. "KVM
vs. LXC: comparing performance and isolation of hardware-assisted
virtual routers." American Journal of Networks and Communications
2.4 (2013): 88-96.
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 18 / 19

19. LXC
Introduction
Lus Eduardo
[email protected]
Federal University of Pernambuco
November 2014
Lus [email protected](UFPE) LXC November 2014 19 / 19