M3 L3 Dr. Rana Rayan GaitBiomechanics of hip & pelvis.pdf

biomechanic gait by Dr. Rana Rayan it is very nice

1. Kinematics and Kinetics of
Hip and Pelvis during Gait
Dr. Rana Rayan

2. Objectives
1Determine Hip and pelvis joints kinematics in sagittal,
frontal and transverse planes.

2Illustrate Arcs of motion and their function.
3Draw Normal curves of each joint kinematics.

4Identify ground reaction for vector and its impact on gait.
5Determine Hip and pelvis joints kinetics.
DR/RANA RAYAN

3. Kinematics of
Hip & Pelvis
DR/RANA RAYAN

4. Sagittal Plane
Kinematics
DR/RANA RAYAN

5. Sagittal Plane
Hip and Pelvic
Motion
DR/RANA RAYAN

6. Arcs Of Hip Jt Motion In Sagittal Plane
DR/RANA RAYAN

7. Horizontal Plane Kinematics
DR/RANA RAYAN

8. Frontal Plane
Kinematics
DR/RANA RAYAN

9. Gait Kinetics
DR/RANA RAYAN

10. External forces
(inertia & gravity
& GRF)
Internal forces
(active “muscles”
&passive)
Kinetic analysis
DR/RANA RAYAN

11. Center of Pressure (COP)
DR/RANA RAYAN

12. Ground Reaction Force Vector (GRFV)
•Vertical
•Antro-posterior
•Medio-lateral
DR/RANA RAYAN

13. GRFV & Joint Torques during Gait
DR/RANA RAYAN

14. Rules
DR/RANA RAYAN
GRFV is only in stance phase of gait
Determine its direction and moment
Determine the acting muscles
Determine the desired motion between subphases
Determine the type of muscle contraction:
( accelerator = concentric = energy developer
or controller = eccentric = energy absorber)
 Most of muscles contract eccentrically during stance phase and
concentrically during swing phase

15. Hip Joint Kinetics in Sagittal Plane
Stance Swing
Sub -phase IC LR MS TS PS IS MS TS
Hip joint angle 30 flex 25 flex 0 20 hypertext. 0 20 flex 30 flex 30 flex
Ant. Ant. Post. Post. Post. --------- -------- GRFV pathway --------
Resultant moment Flex. Flex. Ext. Ext. Ext. --------- -------- --------
Counterbalance
moment
Ext. Ext. Flex. Flex. Flex. --------- -------- --------
Muscles (Internal
Torque)
Hip Extensors
(Gluteus Max+
Hamstring)
Hip Flexors
Ilopsoas+ Tensor fascia lata+ Rectus
femoris
Hip Flexors
Ilopsoas+
Gracilis+
Sartorius
Momentum Hip Extensors
**Iliofemoral
ligament
Desired motion Flex Ext. Ext. Ext. Flex. Flex. Flex. Flex.
Muscle activity Ecc ext Conc
ext
Ecc
flex
Ecc flex Conc
flex
Conc flex -------- Ecc ext

DR/RANA RAYAN

16. Kinetics of Hip and Pelvis
in the Frontal Plane
 Differentiate between stance
(contralateral) (pelvic on femoral) C
swing (ipsilateral) (femoral on pelvic)
 Desired motion C motion relative to
neutral position
DR/RANA RAYAN

17. Right Hip Joint Kinetics in Frontal Plane
Stance Swing
Period IC LR MS TS PS IS MS TS
Pelvic obliquity
Contralateral
drop drop
Drop then
elevation
elevation elevation
Desired
motion

add

add
add then
abd

abd

abd
abd then
add

add

add
GRFV lat med med med lat --------- -------- --------
moment abd add Add add abd
Right hip
muscles
contraction

Conc

Ecc
Ecc then
conc

Conc

Ecc
Ecc then
conc

Conc

Conc
Muscles
Hip
add
Hip abductors Hip adductors
DR/RANA RAYAN

18. Remember hip abductors/ adductors actions
Hip abd on the left side /control pelvic motion Right Swing
Hip adductor on the right side /control thigh motion Right Swing
DR/RANA RAYAN