Machineries Required for Spinning

It is a presentation about machineries required to spin cotton yarn.

1. A Presentation on Machineries Required for Spinning

2. Presented by S. M. ZAKI MUJAHID 1 st Batch, Session : 2017-18 Dept. of Textile Engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore , Bangladesh

3. Introduction The process of producing yarn or filaments from fibers/monomers respectively is called spinning . There are various type of spinning on basis of the characteristics of yarn like ring (carded, combed), rotor, core, air-jet spinning etc .

4. Cont …… Spinning mills produce yarn from compressed bale of fibers. There are about 464* spinning mills in Bangladesh. Rieter , Trutzscler , Saurer Schlafhorst GmbH & CO, Lakshmi Machine Works etc. are the most popular brand using in spinning mills. * Source: Bangladesh textile mills Association (BTMA) 2016 report.

5. Renowned Spinning Machineries Manufacturer

6. Process Flow of Spinning

7. Spinning Layout

8. Blow room It is the first stage of yarn manufacturing. In this section fiber is opened, cleaned, mixed, micro dust removed. Fiber bale is the input material of blow room and output product is uniform lap or fiber sheet.

9. Blow Room Lineup

10. Blow Room Machines

11. Cont ….. Automatic Bale Opener In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber from the bale where fibers are at very compressed and disoriented state . The opening device has to penetrate into the bale and pick up the tuft of fiber during releasing from different bales simultaneously . The size of fiber package is converted from 200 kg to 10 gm/tuft in this zone.

12. Cont ….. Pre-Cleaner In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber tuft to smaller size and to clean the tuft removing big size of trash but smaller size of impurities which are trapped between fibers is not removed here. Gentle beating action but no picking is performed here . Gentle beating action but no picking is performed here.

13. Cont ….. Multi-mixer In this zone, main function is to blend the raw material of different quality to equalize and even the mean quality of delivered material. Because natural fiber generally remains in variation in quality . Mixing takes place homogeneously at the inflow and outflow position .

14. Cont ….. Fine Cleaner In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber tuft to smallest size and to clean the tuft to the greater extent removing even smallest size of trash and dust which are trapped between fibers . In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber tuft to smallest size and to clean the tuft to the greater extent removing even smallest size of trash and dust which are trapped between fibers.

15. Cont ….. Hopper Feeder In this zone, the material is thoroughly blended in main bin, combed by the spikes, well opened when passes in between evener roller and spiked inclined lattice . The principle object of the Hopper Feeder is to provide uniform feeding of cotton on lattice across the full width of the machine.

16. Cont ….. Scutcher In this zone, the fibers are broken down and clean the cotton tufts by a beater The machine convert the mass of cotton fibers into a uniform thick sheet of cotton both longitudinally and transversely and wound in the form of a compactly built lap.

17. Cont ….. Metal & Fire Detector The electronic Metal Separator SP-EM helps to protect the cleaners and cards from metal parts at the interface between bale work-off and mixers/cleaners.  in the process, the material transport is performed by the downstream machine, it is free of exhaust air and requires no filter capacity. Condencer Primary waste is pneumatically fed via condensers into the mixing opener, pre-cleaned in the pre-cleaner, deducted in the condenser and cleaned further in the fine cleaner. The transport air is always separated from material and fed to the pre-filter . The yield of good fibers is fed into the bale press.

18. Card Carding is called heart of spinning. Main function of carding is to breaks up locks and unorganized clumps of fiber. Blending, parallelizing , opening each fiber is also done by carding. Fiber sheet or lap is the input material of carding and sliver is the output product of carding.

19. Draw Frame Drawing  is the operation by which slivers are blended, doubled and leveled.  This is the machine on which drafting & doubling are carried out. Various type of draw frame uses for different spinning process.

20. Lap Former The lap former has, furthermore, the task of forming the interfacing or lap , which is employed to feed the combing machine. The slivers enter the drafting section and then calendar’s section to produce a compact lap.

21. Comber Combing is the process eliminates short fibers, which achieves better parallelization of fibers, it straightens curls, and it removes neps and residue impurities . To produce a higher quality yarn a comber is used.

22. Speed Frame The output from the draw frame is fed into the speed frame where the linear density of sliver is reduced by drafting and the resultant product is called the roving.  A little amount of twist is imparted to the roving .

23. Ring Frame Ring frame is the last machine to manufacture yarn. It gives draft the roving until the required fineness is achieved. And give insert twist the drafted strand to form yarn of required count and strength.  Ring frame consume maximum power, cost in spinning process.

24. Rotor Frame The rotor is the main spinning element of the rotor-spinning. Drafting in rotor spinning is accomplished using a comber roll (mechanical draft) which opens the input sliver followed by an air stream (air draft).

25. Other Spinning Frames Core Spinning machine Air-jet spinning machine

26. Winder Winding is the process of transferring yarn or thread from one type of package to another to facilitate subsequent processing . F actors such as packing cases, pressure due to winding tension, etc., must be considered or winding. Normally cone winder uses in yarn winding.

27. Yarn Conditioner In which process yarn is conditioned for better performance (such as strength, serviceability, luster, handle etc.) is called yarn conditioning . Textile fiber may loose some properties during spinning process. Thermal conditioning process or heat setting is the most using conditioning process.

28. Wastage in Spinning Mills

29. As a consequence of the spinning of short-staple fiber being carded, combed or open-end spun, sub-products derived from the spinning cycle (flying fibers ) are the waste of Spinning . The Machine follows the conventional carding spinning system. Waste R ecycling

30. Safety Issue in Spinning Industries