Machinery Safety in engineering industries .pptx

Machinery Safety By

PRO action versus RE action “Well that’s an accident waiting to happen…” “Someone ought to do something…” That someone is YOU !

1.Accident Causation 2.Hazards in Engineering Industries and Control 3.Safety and Occupational Health Directive Principles of State Policy Constitution of India 4.Safety with Conventional Machinery and 5.Safety with Different Modern Machining Processes 6.Safe handling of chemicals 7.Electroplating Hazards 8.Spray Painting 9.Safety with or near electrical equipment 10.Grinding Operations 11.Safety in Operation of oven and driers 12.Heat Treatment

13.Workplace Ventilation 14.Health Hazards 15.Material Handling Safety 16.Power and Hand Tool Safety 17. Housekeeping 18. PPE 19. WORK PERMITS 20.Compressed Gas Cylinders 21.Air Pollution Control Devices 22.Classification of Fires 23.Need,Selection,use and Limitation of PPE 24.First Aid and Emergency instructions 25.Measuring Health and Safety Performance 26.Safety Culture In Simple Term

1.Accident Causation To better identify the causes for accidents, one should be familiar with the various accident investigation theories that have been developed over the years to describe how accidents occur. Accident causation theories have evolved from the Domino Theory of the 1930's to today's more popular multiple causation theories for accidents. According to W. H. Heinrich (1931), who developed the so-called Domino Theory, 88% of all accidents are caused by unsafe acts of people, 10% by unsafe actions and 2% by "acts of God’’ " He proposed a "five-factor accident sequence" in which each factor would actuate the next step in the manner of toppling dominoes lined up in a row. The sequence of accident factors is as follows: Ancestry and social environment Worker fault Unsafe act together with mechanical and physical hazard Accident Damage or injury

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana Each year, an estimated 2 million workers die from occupational accidents and work-related diseases while an additional 374 million workers suffer from non-fatal occupational accidents. This means almost 2 million people die from work-related causes each year. Workplace-related deaths exceed the average annual deaths from road accidents (9,99,000), war (5,02,000), violence (5,63,000) and HIV/AIDS (3,12,000).

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana GRINDING MACHINE SAFETY Grinding machines are used daily in a machine shop. Wear goggles for all grinding machine operations. Check grinding wheels for cracks Never operate grinding wheels at speeds in excess recommended speed. Never adjust the work piece or work mounting devices when the machine is operating Do not exceed recommended depth of cut Remove work piece from grinding wheel before turning machine off. Use proper wheel guards on all grinding machines. On bench grinders, adjust tool rest 1/16 to 1/8 inch from the wheel.

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana Wear Protective Equipment. One of the most important safety precautions when bending metal is to wear proper protective equipment. Follow Machine Safety Guidelines Use Proper Lifting Techniques Maintain a Clean and Organized Work Area Never Work Alone.

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana Smoke Fumes Heat Noise Light Radiation

TEC Vidyasagar FIE M Tech MBA Safety Management Specialist 25 th June 2024 NSC Telangana & Dept of Factories Telangana

Arc Welding Circuit MMA and TIG processes can be either alternating current (AC) or direct current ( DC ) MIG is usually only operated with DC. As arc processes need a large current (up to 500 A) but at a relatively low arc voltage (10 to 40V),the high voltage mains supply (230 or 400V) must be reduced. In its basic form, the power source for generating AC comprises a transformer to reduce the mains voltage and increase the current for welding. For generating the DC arc, a rectifier is placed on the secondary side of the mains- fed transformer or alternatively, a motor- or engine- driven generator can be used.

Welding Circuit Shock Hazards Workpiece Connection is not a Ground Clamp Utilizing proper grounding in the welding environment is a good practice, but it does not remove all possibility of electrical shock. Precautions must be taken to insulate the welder from the welding circuit. Use dry insulating gloves and other insulating means . Maintain insulation on weld cables, electrode holders , guns and torches to provide protection . Grounding conductor connects the metal enclosure of the welding machine to ground. Current carrying capability of the grounding conductor is coordinated with the over current device of the electrical supply system.

Cables All arc welding and cutting cables of the completely insulated, flexible type, capable of handling the maximum current requirements of work in progress, taking into account the duty cycle under which arc welder or cutter is working Electrode Holders Manual electrode holders which are specifically designed for arc welding and cutting, and are capable of safely handling the maximum rated current required by the electrodes, shall be used. Electrodes Electrode has to be as nearer as possible to the metallurgy of material being welded The coating over electrode has different materials which produce lot gases which shield the arc pool so that oxygen effect is avoided

Local exhaust Local forced air General area mechanical air movement

Compressed Air By even inadvertent blowing the air at another person, or even themselves, it can quickly result in problems Body Cleaning Internal Rupture Broken Skin Eye Injury Hose Failure Results Whipping Effects

Hydraulic systems-Hazards Hydraulic systems store fluid under very high pressure – typically, about 1000 bar Skin will scald at 70 deg.C Two to three minutes at that temperature will result in a 2nd degree burn. The average operating temperature of a hydraulic system of 80 deg.C will cause a 2nd degree burn in ½ to 1 second. Oil adheres to the skin and longer the contact , the deeper the burn. Burn injuries are the worst type of injury from a rehabilitation point of view. The rule of thumb is: one day in hospital for each 1% of body area burned Employee was burned when a hydraulic hose, neglected during maintenance, burst and spewed hydraulic oil, at normal operating temperature, over his entire body

Never use hands or fingers to find leaks. Fluid under high pressure can be injected into the skin causing extreme injury, serious infection – gangrene – and amputation Always inspect equipment before each use. Also have a periodic maintenance plan in place for extensive inspection and replacement of parts at end of their service life.

Always Relieve Hydraulic Pressure Before Performing Maintenance Hydraulic Hose Whip

Working with Hydraulic Oils Avoid prolonged breathing of its vapor, mist, and fumes. Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact. Use chemical- resistant gloves, splash goggles and a chemical- resistant apron Wash off affected skin, eyes, and protective clothing immediately. Remove contaminated clothing, and launder before reuse. After contact with hydraulic oil always cleanse skin with a waterless hand cleanser, and then wash with soap and water. Never begin work on a hydraulic system until fully trained. Carefully review the manuals on equipment before beginning work and ask questions about anything you do not fully understand. Review all Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals used. Use all required personal protective equipment. Safety goggles "and" face shield Protective apron Protective gloves Hard hat Steel toes leather shoes

S lips- T rips- F alls (STF) Can occur in any part of the workplace whether inside or outside. May result in serious injuries Significant cost to both the worker and employer Impact To Worker : Pain Lost wages Temporary or permanent disability Reduced quality of life Depression Impact To Employer : Lost productivity Costs of replacement employee Cost of medical treatment Working Safely on Ladders Choose the appropriate ladder for the job Place the base on a firm, solid surface Face the ladder and grip the rungs, not the side rails when you climb Always keep 3 points of contact with the ladder (2 hands, 1 foot or 2 feet, 1 hand)

Hand Tools - Protection Don’t misuse hand tools. Use them for the purposes they have designed. Don’t use faulty tools Don’t use wrenches, pipe tools, and pliers with worn jaws. Don’t apply excessive pressure Never use a hammer without a good grip. Don’t hold the nail with your fingers while hammering. Don’t place your hand near the sharp end of the tools to avoid cuts. Don’t use a piece of pipe or a wrench for additional leverage. Don’t use a tester to test high voltage lines or equipment. Don’t pass or transport the hand tools by throwing them. Don’t leave tools near the edge of an elevated work platform when working at heights. Don’t carry sharp tools in your pocket. Don’t forget to wear PPE. Don’t remove gloves for more comfort.

SAFETY TIPS FOR ELECTRIC POWER TOOLS Never carry a tool by the cord or hose. Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges. Disconnect tools when not using them, before servicing and cleaning them and when changing accessories such as blades, bits, and cutters. Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool. Maintain tools with care; keep them sharp and clean for best performance. Follow instructions in the user’s manual for lubricating and changing accessories. Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balance when operating power tools. Do not use electric tools in wet conditions

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Machinery Safety in engineering industries .pptx

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