Main Parts of Electric Locomotive

here you understand the Basic Component of Electric Locomotive

1. By Harish Kumar Maheshwari Main Parts of AC Electric Locomotive

2. Bloack diagram of AC electric locomotive

3. Overhead contact wire Supply of 1-ph, 25KV, 50Hz, AC is given to overhead conductor

4. Pantograph The main function of pantograph is to maintain link between overhead conductor and power circuit of locomotive at different speeds of the vehicle under all wind conditions. It collects the current from overhead conductor and supplies to rest circuit.

5. Circuit breaker (C.B) It is connected in between current collecting devices and tap changing transformer. SF6 circuit breaker is used. To disconnect locomotive equipments whenever there is fault. It opens automatically when train passes neutral zone (from zone No.1 to Zone No.2)

6. Traction Transformer It step down input voltage 25 KV to working voltage of traction motor (1500V/3000V).

7. Rectifier & Filter circuit Rectifier converts secondary voltage of transformer into DC supply.  Filter circuit is used to obtain pure DC supply.

8. Main Inverter & Auxiliary Inverter Main Inverter converts the DC power to three phase AC power in order to drive three phase AC motors. Auxiliary Inverter supplies the power to other parts in the locomotive unit including fans, motor blowers, compressors, etc.

9. DC Link & Axle Brush DC Link connects the rectifier and inverter circuits. It consists of filter arrangement (capacitor and inductor arrangement) that filters the output from rectifier (by removing the harmonics form it) and then supplies it to the inverter. Axle Brush acts as a return path for the supply. Once the power is drawn to the locomotive from overhead system, the current complete its path through axle brush and one of running tacks.

10. Battery, Compressor and Cooling Fans Battery supplies the necessary starting current and also power up the essential circuits such as emergency lighting. Compressor maintains the cooling/heating requirement in the locomotive unit. Cooling Fans maintain the necessary cooling for the power circuits. Modern locomotive systems use electronically controlled air management systems to keep the desired temperature.

11. Motor control unit & Traction Motor: Motor control unit controls operation of traction motor. Traction Motor gives mechanical power to run the train i.e. DC series motor which is used as traction motor.

12. Thank You