Maize ppt

Assignment on production of Maize( Zea mays). It contains about maize crop i.e its cultural practices and other production measures.

1. Assignment on Production of Commercial C rop Submitted by : Vijay Singh From :- Gudia Khera

2. Introduction Botanical Name : Zea mays Family : Poaceae Origin : Mexico Three types of roots (a) Seminal roots (b) Crown roots (C) Brace /prop roots

3. Maize is a cross pollinated crop Maize is known as Queen of cereals Percentage oil content in Maize is 4% Leading state of rabi maize is Bihar Maize protein is called ‘Zein’

4. Maize species : [Sturtevant,1899] Zea mays indurate ( Flint corn ) – Most cultivated in I ndia . Zea mays indentata ( Dent corn ) – most common in USA Zea mays everta ( P op corn ) - when they are heated the pressure built up within the kernel suddenly result in an explosion and the grain is turned inside out. Zea mays saccharata ( Sweet corn ) – Sweeter than other

5. 5. Zea mays amylacea (soft corn ) 6. Zea mays tunicata (pod corn ) 7. Zea mays ceratinakulesh (waxy corn ) – Produces starch similar to tapioca

6. Climate requirements Maize requires the warmth and humid climate For germination is 21 degree C For growth is 32 degree C .

7. Soil type : Maize thrives better on well drained ,sandy-loam to silty – loam soils . Land Preparation : Give four to five ploughings and plankings to make the seed–bed free from clods and weeds . Use mould board plough ,disc harrow or cultivator for the 1 st cultivation .

8. Time of sowing : Last week of M ay to end of J une . Seed rate: Use 7 kg seed for popcorn and 8 kg per acre for other varieties .

9. Improved Varieties PMH 11 : It matures in 95 days and its average yield is 22.0 q/acre . Parbhat : It yields about 17.5 q/acre PMH 1 : It matures in 95 days and average yield is 21 q/acre PMH 2 : It matures in about 83 days and its average yield is 18 q/acre Punjab Sweet Corn 1 : It matures in about 95-100 Days . Its average green ear and grain yield is 50 and 13 q/acre

10. Weed Management: Culture : Give two hoeings about 15 to 30 days after sowing with khurpa / kasaula /wheel-hoe etc. Chemical : for control of dila/ motha ,apply 400ml per acre 2,4-D amines salt 58 SL as post emergence 20-25days after sowing in 150 L of water .

11. Irrigation management : Generally , 4 -6 irrigations are required depending upon rainfall . Critical stages for irrigation – Tasseling and Silking.

12. Nutrient management : Hybrid var : 120:50:40 NPK kg /ha Composite var : 100:40: 30 NPK kg /ha Paddy straw compost @ 180 kg per acre along with recommended dose of fertilizers can be alternate to FYM.

13. Harvesting and T hreshing : The maize crop is ready for harvesting even when the stalks and leaves are some what green but the husk cover has dried and turned brown . Maize shelled when the moisture content ranges between 15 to 20 % .