Making of the constitution

mc-3 constitution of india
engineering law

1. MAKING OF THE CONSTITU TION Name : Shubhajit Chatterjee Student Code : BWU/BEC/19/028 Registration Number : 19013000936 of 2019-2020 Roll Number : 19010308024 Course Name : Constitution of India Course code : MC-3 Program : Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication Engineering. Semester : 3 rd Semester

2. It is a document which contains Details of how to govern the country. Rules and regulations Defines the powers of the government. Procedures and rules so that people can live peacefully. It is binding on every one. 1 Constitution

3. FRAMING OF THE CONSTITUTION The British ruled our country for 200 years Made infrastructure like roads, railways and telegraph. Introduced western education which brought the spirit of nationalism among the indains. After long struggle the British had to leave the nation. 2

4. Indian National Congress In 1885 the Indian National Congress was formed . It struggled to end the British rule. But the British did not pay any attention (heed ) . 3

5. The Second World War The Second World War made the British weak. The war ended in 1945 and the British suffered a huge loss. The British started preparing to leave India. 4

6. The Constituent Assembly The British sent a group of officials known as the cabinet mission . The cabinet mission formed the constituent assembly in Dec 1946 . There was a dispute among the Indian national leaders and the partition took place. After the partition and independence the constituent assembly took up the work for framing the constitution. There were 308 members who were elected by the Provincial Legislative Assembly. The congress ensured that all the communities get equal recognition 5

7. Prominent Leaders Some of the prominent leaders were- – Dr. Rajendra Prasad. Sardar Patel Mualana Azad S.P Mookerji K.M Munshi Sir Tej Bahadur A.K Ayyar H.N Kunzru C.Rajagopalachari Sarojini Naidu Vijay Laxmi Pandit Frank Anthony- Anglo Indians Dr. H.C Mookerjee- Christians H.P Mody- Parsis 6

8. Drafting the Constitution Drafting committee was formed with 7 members, under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. The committee studied the constitutions of various countries and took the good features from every constitution and included them in the Indian Constitution. The draft was prepared by February 1948. 7

9. Drafting the Constitution The Drafting Committee had seven members: 1) Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar , 2)N. Gopalaswami ; 3)B.R. Ambedkar , 4)K.M Munshi , 5)Mohammad Saadulla , 6)B.L. Mitra 7)D.P. Khaitan . At its first meeting on 30th August 1947, the Drafting Committee elected B.R Ambedkar as its Chairman.  8

10. Public Opinion After the draft was ready is was published in all the newspapers. T his was done to enable the people to read the draft and give their views on it. I t was discussed at great length. The session were attended by hundreds of people and the press. 9

11. Page:11 In December 1929 the congress had passed the resolution of “Purna Swaraj”. On 26 th January 1930 the first Independence Day was celebrated by hoisting the tri colour . Although the constitution as a document was ready in November 1949 our leaders decided to wait till 26 th January 1950 to adopt the Constitution . 11

12. ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUION On 26 November 1949 the constitution was finally approved and signed the member of the constituent assembly. It took 3 years and costed Rs 6.4 crores. The new constitution came into effect on 26 January 1950. C. Rajagopalachari took over from Lord Mountbatten and became the first Governor General of India. India became a republic and Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President . 10

13. The Indian Constitution is borrowed from almost all the major countries of the world but has its own unique features too.  MAJOR SOURCES ARE: 1. Government of India Act of 1935: Federal Scheme, Office of Governor, Judiciary, Public Service Commission, Emergency provisions and administrative details. 2. British Constitution: Parliamentary System, Rule of law, Lagislative Procedure, Single Citizenship, Cabinet System, Prerogative Writs, Parliamentary Privileges and Bicameralism. 3. US Constitution: Fundamental rights, independence of judiciary, judicial review, impeachment of president, removal of Supreme court and high court judges and post of vice president . 12

14. 4. Irish Constitution: Directive Principles of State Policy, nomination of members of Rajya Sabha and method of election of president. 5. Canadian Constitution: Federation with a strong centre , vesting of residuary power in the centre , appointment of state Governor by the centre and advisory jurisdiction of Supreme Court. 6. Australian Constitution: Concurrent list, joint sitting of two houses of Parliament. 7. Constitution of Germany : Suspension of fundamental rights during emergency. 8. French Constitution:   Republic & ideals of liberty, equality & fraternity in the Preamble. 9. South African Constitution:  Procedure for amendment of the constitution and election of members of Rajya Sabha. 10.Japanese Constitution: Procedure established by Law. 11.Constitution of former USSR:  Procedure of five-year plan, fundamental duties, ideals of justice in Preamble.  13

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