Manufacturing Process of Tyre

KKKM2833 Manufacturing Process of Tyre (Group Tyred)
Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering
Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment
The National University of Malaysia

Team's Member
1) Muhammad Aiman Haikal Bin Azlan (Slide Editor)
2) Ahmad Qayyum Hafiez Bin Ahmad Fisal (Slide Editor)
3) Muhammad Hadif Bin Nor Azli (Slide Editor & Video Editor)
4) Nurdiyana Ayunie Binti Mohammad Razak (Information & Data Collector)
5) Vighrama A/L Magesan ( Information & Data Collector)

1. Faculty of engineering and built environment department of mechanical & manufacturing engineering kkkm2823 manufacturing processes SEM 2 2020/2021 PREPARED FOR: PROF. DR. ANDANASTUTI MUCHTAR DR. NABILAH AFIQAH BINTI MOHD RADZUAN DR. NASHRAH HANI BINTI JAMADON

2. MANUFACTURING PROCESSES >>> TYRE <<< PREPARED BY: TYRED

3. TYRED GROUP MEMBERS: MUHAMMAD HADIF BIN NOR AZLI AHMAD QAYYUM HAFIEZ BIN AHMAD FISAL MUHAMMAD AIMAN HAIKAL BIN AZLAN NURDIYANA AYUNIE BINTI MOHAMAD RAZAK VIGHRAMAA A/L MAGESAN

4. WHAT IS TYRE? A tyre is a strong, flexible rubber casing attached to the rim of a wheel. Provide a gripping surface for traction. Serve as a cushion for the wheels of a moving vehicle. Found on  automobiles , trucks , buses , aircraft landing gear , tractors and other farm equipment, industrial vehicles such as forklifts , and common conveyances such as baby carriages , shopping carts , wheelchairs , bicycles , and motorcycles .

5. 1. Natural rubbers •Found as a milky liquid in the bark of the rubber tree, Hevea Brasiliensis. •Liquid latex is mixed with acids that cause the rubber to solidify. 2. Synthetic rubbers •Produced from the polymerization of a variety monomers. 3. Carbon black •Used as a filler. •To improve physical properties of rubber. •To strengthen the vulcanization process. •Crude oil/natural gas is burned with a limited amount of oxygen, caused incomplete combustion, and creating a large amount of fine soot. 4. Sulphur and other chemicals •Mixed with rubbers and then heated. •Produce specific tire characteristics. MATERIALs of TYRE MAIN MATERIAL MINOR MATERIAL

6. Physical properties of material Abrasion resistance Resilience Elongation Highly durable Excellent tensile Tear resistant Excellent low temperature flexibility

7. FUNCTIONS OF TYRE 1. Steering Regardless of the ground surface or environmental conditions, tyres should guide the car with accuracy. 2. Carrying loads Tires must bear a ton of weight, normally more than 50 times their own weight, both in action and at rest. 3.Cushioning When the tires withstand the shock caused by obstacles or defects on the ground floor, they provide a comfortable ride for passengers while still guaranteeing the vehicle's long life. 4. Transmitting Drive Tires transmit drive namely the engine’s usable power, braking effort with the help of the friction. 5. Long-lasting Life Life of a tyre depends on a variety of factors like quality of contact with the road, load, speed, driving style etc.

8. PARTS OF TYRE Tyre is a composite structure consisting of many parts. They usually consist of :- Bead Body Belts Cap plies Sidewall Tread

9. FUNCTION OF PARTS OF TYRE 1.Bead The bead is a steel cord with a rubber coating that keeps the tires in place on the rim while still handling the force required for installation. 2.Body This is made up of several layers of different fabrics, which are referred to as plies. The number of plies in a tire is directly proportional to its power. 3.Belts While not all tires are belted, those that are have steel belts placed under the tread for reinforcement. They help to avoid punctures and ensure that the most amount of interaction with the road is possible for added stability. 4.Cap plies These are used to keep other parts in place on certain cars and are most often seen in high-performance tires. 5.Sidewall This part stabilizes the tire's lateral portion and prevents the body by preventing air from escaping. 6.Tread The grip of a tire with a deeper tread pattern is better, particularly on soft surfaces. Whereas a shallow tread pattern offers faster results, it also eliminates the grip needed for traction.

10. MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF TYRE

11. OVERVIEW OF THE TYRE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

12. Compounding and Banbury Mixing A Railcars deliver large quantities of natural a nd synthetic rubber, carbon black, sulphur, and other chemicals and oils to create a homogeneous rubber material. By using computer control system, it will automatically measure out specific batches of rubber and chemicals for mixing. Gigantic mixers will stir the rubber and chemicals together in batches weighing up to 1100 pounds.

13. Milling After the Banbury mixing is completed, rubber is placed onto a drop mill. The milling process made the rubber into flat, long strips by forcing it through two set rolls rotating in different direction speeds.

14. Extruding and Calendaring Calendaring operation will continue to shape rubber. It is for prepare compounded rubber as a uniform sheet of definite thickness and width. Also, it is to place a thin coat of rubber on a fabric and forced the rubber into the interstices of fabric by friction. While extruder functions are forcing the rubber through dies of appropriate shape made the large, flat section of tyre treads.

15. Component Assembly and Building These consists of a rotating drum, which the components are assembled and feeding devices to supply the tyre builder with the components to assemble. After the components are assembled, the tyre is referred as a ‘green tyre’.

16. Curing and Vulcanization Curing press operators place green tyres into the curing process. Then, the press utilizes steam to heat or cure the green tyre. Rubber curing or vulcanization transform the tacky and pliable material to a non-tacky, less pliable long-lasting state.

17. Inspection and Finishing It will be performed before the tyre is stored or shipped. The finishing operations trims flash or excess rubber from the tyre. The excess rubber remains on the tyre from vents in the curing mould.

18. Local manufacturers in malaysia 1. Dunlop Tires Malaysia First Malaysian tire factory which was built by Dunlop Malaysian Industries Berhad (DMIB). DMIB, a member of the Sime Darby Group that involved in manufacturing and marketing of a wide range of vehicles. 2. Continental Tyre PJ Malaysia Sdn . Bhd. 3. Bridgestone Tyre Sales (MALAYSIA) Sdn . Bhd. 

19. THANK YOU

20. REFERENCES 1. Kumar, S. (2011, September 23). Manufacturing Processes - Tyre. Manufacturing Processes. https://www.slideshare.net/sateeshin/manufacturing-processes-tyre 2. How tire is made - material, history, used, processing, parts, components, composition, steps, product. .How Tire Is Made. http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Tire.html 3.Tyre production. (2021, May 26). Tyre. https://www.continental-tyres.com.my/car/tyre-knowledge/tyre-basics/tyre-production