Marine Traffic Engineering typical aspects of port design

Short profile of MTE engineering job. Traffic Engineering is related to all kinds of shipping and port design.

1. Lucjan Gucma
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Marine Traffic Engineering Institute
research work profile

2. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Main direction of researces ofIMTE
1. Real time manoeuvring simulation
methods(man in the loop) full mission
simulators, limited task simulators,
2. Fast time manoeuvring simulators
(with mathematical model of the
navigator),
3. Special stochastic models with ship
traffic consideration,
4. Monte Carlo methods for UKC
evaluation.
1. Navigation support systems
2. Pilot navigation systems
3. Docking systems
4. Measurment and monitoring
systems (AIS based)
5. Special purpose ECDIS
systems
6. Anticolision systems
7. Navigation-fishing systems
Simulation systems Navigation systems

3. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Simulation method –what can be achieved
1. Complex risk assessment of marine traffic enginee ring systems,
2. Post, waterway design and optimization
3. Waterway horizontal width evaluation
4. Underkeel clearance of ships optimization
5. Fender system planning and design
6. Bottom protection planning
7. Embankments planning
8. Cost benefit analysis
9. Navigational guidelines
10.Safe environment conditions
11.Ships parameters optimization

4. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Simulation methods
Real time simulators – full mission simulator
Maritime Traffic Engineering Centre – opening April 2008

5. Ships manouevring simulation methods
typical procedure with fast time simulations
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND

6. Simulation methods
Horizontal manoeuvring area evaluation
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Probabilistic approach to manoeuvring area evaluati on

7. Simulation methods
Real time simulators – limited task simulator (ship interaction)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND

8. Simulation methods
Real time simulators – limited task simulator (2D view) – passage unde r the bridge
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND

9. Simulation methods
Mathematical models (hydrodynamic models)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Typical influences:
• thrust and side force of propellers,
• rudder drag forces,
• thrusters forces,
• current, wind and ice forces,
• canal and bank effects,
• mooring line, anchor, fender and tugs forces.

10. Simulation methods
Mathematical models
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
2 models:
1. simplified,
2. accurate.

11. Simulation methods
Miedzyzdroje molo design
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Before
Miedzyzdroje, passenger ferry, L=62m
After

12. Simulation methods
Results (real time simulations)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Gdynia Indyjskie quay, bulk carrier, L=240m, ballas ted, wind SE10 m/s,

13. Simulation methods
Results (real time simulations)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Swinoujscie - Szczecin, gas carrier, L=250m
C- consequences
I - intensity

14. Simulation methods
Results (real time simulations)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Swinoujscie, bulk carrier, various conditions, L=26 0m

15. Simulation methods
Results (real time simulations)
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Barge train Bizon (L=110m) passage under the
Railway bridge

16. Simulation methods
Cost benefit analysis
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Evaluation expected benefists of waterway modernisa tion
0
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
waterway width [m]
cost [z]
cost of modernisation cost of accident total cost
optimum value
increase of

17. Underkeel clearance evaluation
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Probabilistic method of underkeel evaluation
where:
A-accident
f
s
(s)-extreme ships keel points horizontal distribution
SA-serious accident

18. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
d
Hoi
-uncertainties concerned with depth and its determination,
d
Ti
-uncertainties concerned with with draught and its determination,
d
Swi
-uncertainties concerned with water level and its determination.
d
N
-navigational clearance (constant).
Uncertainties
• statistical uncertainties to data
• model uncerainties (requires validation)
The model:
Underkeel clearance evaluation

19. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
2 of 14 input distributions
Ship speed distribution Empirical depth distribution
Underkeel clearance evaluation

20. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Results
Histogram and cumulative frequency of achieved unde rkeel
clearance of maximal ship
Underkeel clearance evaluation

21. Propeller stream speed on the bottom
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
where:
S(x,y)-stream speed on the ( x,y) point of the bottom
f
S
(v)-distribution of propeller stream speed on the bott om

22. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Covering of propeller stream by the engineering str ucture
Propeller stream speed on the bottom

23. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Maximal speed of propeller stream on the bottom
Zmienna 2SE: Średnia=1.602, Sigma=1.006
Gamma, Par.1=0.687, Par.2=2.333
Prędkość [m/s]
Liczność
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Propeller stream speed on the bottom

24. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Height of primary wave system with ship's off-centr e consideration. (Place:
Paprotno and Mielin bends. Conditions: Arrival to S zczecin. NE wind of 5m/s,
sailing against the current. 15 simulation passages .)
Ships generated waves evaluation

25. Reverse currentevaluation for bottom protection
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND Reverse currents with ship's off-centre considerati on.
(Place: Paprotno and Mielin bends. Conditions: Arri val to Szczecin. NE wind of
5m/s, sailing against the current. 15 simulation pa ssages.)

26. Fender system design and opimisation
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
where:
A-accident
B-berthing probability (=1)
f
E
(e)-berthing energy distribution
SA-serious accident

27. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Investigated area localisation
Fender system design and opimisation

28. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Distribution of first contact energy. Swinoujscie, Górników quay.
Bulk carrier L=250 and L=260m.
Fender system design and opimisation

29. Real experiments
GPS methods
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Location of GPS receivers on the ferry Sniadecki

30. Real experiments
GPS methods
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Results of sea trials. Swept path of ship

31. Real experiments
Optoelectronic methods
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Swinoujscie Port view from eastern breakwater. Entrance of Sniadecki f erry.

32. m/f „Polonia” ferry story
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Polonia car-passanger-train ferry (designed with ou r team support in 1992)
no delays no serious accidents 365 days per year of service

33. Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s
navigational safety assssment of large sea areas
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Stochastic model of ship – general overview

34. Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Routes on the Baltic Sea (52 routes implemented)
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35. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Route chracteristics (52 routes implemented) from AIS data:
-Ships type distribution (6 different kinds of ships )
-Ships intensity on given route
-Ships cargo and bunker capacity (distribution)
-Ships dimension (distributions)
-Variability of route points (distribution)
Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s

36. Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s
Results
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Expected places of colisions of ships
Human behaviour models

37. Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Statistical oil spill model (based on more than 100 0 accidents from 3 independent sources)
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0-500 500-1000 1000-
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BaltMAx
0-2000 2000-5000 5000-20000 20000-50000 50000-BaltMax
Taker size [DWT]
Spill size [tons]
Probability
Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s
0
0.1
0.2
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0-2000 2000-5000 5000-20000 20000-50000 50000-
BaltMax
Collision Grounding Fire
Ships size [DWT]

38. Stochastic simulations with ship traffic stream s
Results
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Expected oil spill size within 365 years of simulat ion

39. Navigation support technical systems
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND
Pilot navigational system (2003)
Master Cabin
GPS receiver
AIS ANT
MAIN CPU
hp2025
PIP
INP
UT
AUT
O
12
hp2025
PIP
INP
UT
AUT
O
12
A/D NMEA Interface
Thrust
Rudder
Gyro
Wind
Wing (main)
Central
Switch
BRIDGE
Ferry
hp2025
PIP
INP
UT
AUT
O
12
Wing
VGA AMP
Back Up CPU
redundant
GPRS receiver
VTS connection
AIS receiver
GPS 
ANT

40. Polish Pilot Navigational System PNS
Maritime University of Szczecin
POLAND