MARXISM & HEGEMONY_20251006_211242_0000.pptx

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1. GOOD DAY!

2. M_ _ x _ sm

3. Marxism

4. K _ r _ M_ _ x

5. Karl Marx

6. B _ u _ g _ oi _ _ e

7. Bourgeoisie

8. H _ g _ m _ ny

9. Hegemony

10. A_ t _ n _ o G _ a m _ c _

11. Antonio Gramsci

12. C _ l _ u _ e

13. Culture

14. M _ s _ M _ d _ a

15. Mass Media

16. Marxism & Hegemony

17. Marxism Marxism is a socio-political theory by Karl Marx, focusing on class dynamics in capitalist society. It asserts that the bourgeoisie (capitalists) profit from workers by extracting surplus value, creating systemic inequality. Marxism emphasizes class struggle as a driver of social change (Marx & Engels, 1848).

18. Marxist Traditions in Cultural Studies

19. The Frankfurt School (1930s Germany) Scholars like Adorno and Horkheimer examined the "culture industry," arguing that mass media served capitalist interests by shaping public opinion and promoting conformity.

20. British Cultural Studies (1960s onward) Figures like Raymond Williams, E.P. Thompson, and later Stuart Hall linked culture with everyday life and social change, showing how culture reflects but also resists dominant power structures.

21. Hegemony a concept pioneered by Antonio Gramsci, describes how dominant social group maintains power and control, not just through force or coercion, but through cultural consent.

22. Marxism and Hegemony in the Philippine Media Landscape

23. Media as a vehicle of ideological control Propaganda and dominant messaging are shaped to preserve ruling-class interests.

24. Scholars suggest that Filipino "organic intellectuals"—leaders rooted in working-class or marginalized communities—can challenge dominant narratives, especially amidst political upheaval and crises such as during the Duterte regime or the COVID-19 pandemic. Organic intellectuals in times of Crisis

25. Local media doesn't just report news; it builds consensus—shaping public acceptance of political structures. Gramscian struggle over consent vs. coercion

26. Conclusion Marxism and Gramsci’s idea of hegemony show how power is maintained not only through economics and politics but also through culture, ideology, and communication, making them central to cultural studies. In the 21st-century Philippines, these ideas help us see how media can uphold elite interests or be challenged by organic intellectuals and counter-hegemonic movements that reshape society.

27. “Marxism teaches us that corruption is not just about greedy individuals—it is about a system that allows the rich to exploit the poor.”