Matter and its properties

Learn about matter and its different properties.

1. Matter and its Properties

2. Mass: the measure of the amount of matter Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space

3. Building blocks of matter Atom: smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element Element: pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom Compound: a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

4. Properties and changes in matter Extensive properties: depend on the amount of matter present - volume, mass Intensive properties: do not depend on the amount of matter present – melting point, density

5. Physical Properties Physical property: a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance Physical change: A change in substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

6. States of Matter Solid: has a definite volume and shape Liquid: has a definite volume but indefinite shape Gas: has neither definite volume or shape Plasma: high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons

7. Chemical Properties Chemical property: relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances Chemical change: also called a chemical reaction, this is when one or more substances are converted into different substances Substances that react are called reactants. The substances that are formed are called products.

8. Classification of matter Mixture : a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each which retains its own identity and properties Homogeneous(solution )- uniform Heterogeneous- not uniform

9. Pure substance- either a compound or an element Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properties Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same composition

10. Section Review What is the main difference between physical properties and chemical properties? Physical or chemical change Tearing a sheet of paper Melting a piece of wax Burning a log

11. Look at page 13 in the book. How can you tell that there are reactions taking place in the figure?