MBBS level motor homunculus

1st proff student level presentation on the topic of neuro.
Presented in a Physiology seminar.
simple, concise, apt.

1. PHYSIOLOGY SEMINAR MOTOR HOMUNCULUS SAMARTH MISRA ROLL NO. 121 1ST PROF MBBS

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION THE BRAIN CENTRAL SULCUS PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX CLINICAL NOTES

3. INTRODUCTION The word "homunculus" means little man in Latin. But in neuroanatomy, the cortical homunculus represents either the motor or the sensory distribution along the cerebral cortex of the brain. This area is histologically known to be Brodmann's Area 4.

4. BRAIN Forebrain . Cerebrum, Hypothalamus. Thalamus . Midbrain. Tectum. Tegmentum. Hindbrain. Cerebellum. Medulla. Pons Today we are concerned with the cerebrum.

5. GYRUS Gyrus is a ridge or fold between two clefts on the cerebral surface in the brain. They increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex and they form brain divisions. SULCUS Sulcus is a depression or groove in the cerebral cortex.

6. CENTRAL SULCUS The central sulcus is a very important landmark in both anatomical and functional neuroanatomy. Prominent fissure called the central sulcus. The central sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.

7. PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX The gyrus anterior to the central sulcus and part of the frontal lobe is called the precentral gyrus. The precentral gyrus is also known as the primary motor cortex. This area of the cortex is responsible for the initiation of voluntary movement.

8. Distribution The homunculus is arranged in such an anatomical fashion that represents the contralateral side. This means that the primary cortex in the right cerebral hemisphere represents motor activity on the left side of the body and vice-versa.

9. Clinical aspect Neoplasms, cysts, infections, traumas, and hematomas. If the precentral gyrus is affected, this will manifest as a purely motor loss. Apraxias is a neurological disorder characterized by loss of the ability to execute or carry out skilled movements. The motor and sensory homunculus are so close together and have the same blood supply. This knowledge makes it possible to determine the artery that is most likely to be affected in strokes.

10. Bibliography Guyton and Hall Physiology Review Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology

11. THANK YOU