Mechanical_Engineering_Wind_Tunnel_Project

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1. Subsonic Wind Tunnel Mechanical Engineering: 3 rd Year Project Authors Lado Keshelava Levan Dzebisashvili Guram Gelovani Lasha Lomsadze

2. Lado Keshelava Levan Dzebisashvili Guram Gelovani Lasha Lomsadze Introduction, Project Purpose, Wind Tunnel Types, Wind Tunnel Assembly Project Authors Flow Rate Regulation With 3 Phase AC Motor and Centrifugal Fan Processes during experimentation and how to observe them Test Subject and Their Mounting Methods

3. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze

4. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Laboratories Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

5. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

6. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

7. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

8. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

9. Wind Tunnels and Their Significance Lasha Lomsadze Wind Tunnels are used in industries: Aerospace Automotive Civil Engineering Wind Energy Various Sports

10. Our Motivation Lasha Lomsadze Importance of wind tunnel for students: Visualisation of fluid dynamics Performance analysis Design Optimization

11. Open VS Closed Loop Tunnels Lasha Lomsadze

12. Open VS Closed Loop Tunnels Pros Better flow quality in the test section. Higher flow speeds possible. Quiet operation. Cons Higher manufacturing cost. smoke visualization not possible. Increased Complexity. Lasha Lomsadze

13. Open VS Closed Loop Tunnels Lasha Lomsadze

14. Open VS Closed Loop Tunnels Pros Low construction cost. Good for smoke visualization. Easier to manufacture. Smaller size construction. Cons Lower flow quality. Less efficient. Noisy operation. Lasha Lomsadze

15. Contraction Cone Parameters Lasha Lomsadze Contraction ratio Surface smoothness Curve shape Flow contraction is necessary to increase flow velocity. This phenomena is called conservation of mass. The smoother the surface, the less significant the impact of boundary conditions on the flow. Contraction cone curvature is responsible for maintaining flow uniformity, for reducing flow losses and for having compact dimensions

16. Contraction Cone Parameters   Low Flow Speeds Incompressible fluid Air density = constant          

17. Contraction Cone Parameters Lasha Lomsadze       - ]     According to NASA Ames Research Center, Fifth Order Polynomial is considered to have most optimal performance for small (test section area < 0.5 and low-speed (velocity < 40m/s) wind tunnels  

18. Test Section Test Section is the main part of wind tunnel. This part of the tunnel has desired flow pattern and here we can perform various experiments on different test subjects

19. Diffuser Purpose: The diffuser is an essential component of a wind tunnel system, and its primary function is to decelerate the high-speed airflow and restore it to near atmospheric conditions.

20. Ventilation fans Lado Keshelava

21. Impeller Pros Efficient gas movement Versatility Compact design Low maintenance Cons Noise and Vibration Mechanical stresses Sensitivity to operating conditions Lado Keshelava

22. Ventilation fans Lado Keshelava

23. Propeller Pros Efficient Thrust Generation Simple and Reliable Design Versatility Cost-Effective Cons Noise and Vibration Limited Speed Range Sensitivity to Cavitation Limited Maneuverability Lado Keshelava

24. Ventilation Lado Keshelava

25. Lado Keshelava Induction motors Squirrel motor Wound motor

26. Lado Keshelava Squirrel cage induction motor Pros Simple and Robust Design Cost-Effective Wide Voltage Range High Starting Torque Se lf-Starting Cons Limited Speed Control Noisy Operation Limited Speed Range L ower Efficiency at Light Loa ds Lower Power Factor

27. Lado Keshelava Induction motors Squirrel motor Wound motor

28. Lado Keshelava Wound induction motor Pros High Starting Torque Speed Control Higher Efficiency at Light Loads Reduced Starting Current Ro bust and Durable Cons Complex Design Higher Maintenance Requirements Nois e and Brush Wear Lower Reliability in Dusty Environme nts

29. Lado Keshelava How Induction motor works

30. General parameters           ( M s , ) ( M m , ) ( M cr , ) ( M r , ) ( M i , )  

31. Lado Keshelava Induction motor regulation Voltage amplitude change with transformer Electromechanical parameter equation Mechanical parameter equation    

32. Lado Keshelava Reynolds number       Re – Reynolds number V – Velocity – Chord length   – Air density – Kin ematic viscosity  

33. Lado Keshelava Reynolds number calculations  

34. Airfoil parameters     V – Velocity A – Reference area – Density   L – Lift Cl – Lift coefficient Cd – Drag coefficient  

35. Simulation program xflr5 NACA 0015 Re=205.339

36. Simulation program xflr5 NACA 0015 Re=50000

37. Which Processes   Are   We   Inetrested In ? Levan Dzebisashvili -Changes in pressure around the test subject -Speed of wind at different points of the tunnel -What kinds of forces are applied to test subjects during experiments -Visualization of air flow surrounding a given test subject.

38. Tools   Used For   Observing   Pressure   Changes Levan Dzebisashvili Used to measure fluid pressure at a specific point They work based on the principle of hydrostatic pressure The pressure at a point in a fluid is directly proportional to the height of the fluid column above that point

39. Tools   Used   For   Observing   Pressure   Changes Levan Dzebisashvili Instruments used to measure the velocity of a fluid They operate based on the principle of total pressure, which consists of the sum of static pressure and dynamic pressure

40. Tools Needed   To Measure Wind   Speed   And   Air   Flow   Rate Levan Dzebisashvili Measures the velocity and turbulence characteristics of the airflow. They operate based on the principle of convective heat transfer.  It utilizes a thin wire that is electrically heated. 

41. Levan Dzebisashvili Offer high sensitivity and fast response times Suitable for measuring rapidly changing flow conditions and turbulent flows.  They can be affected by factors such as wire aging, temperature variations, and contamination, which may require periodic calibration and maintenance. Tools Needed   To Measure Wind   Speed   And   Air   Flow   Rate

42. Tools   Used   For   Measurement   Of   Applied   Forces Levan Dzebisashvili Used to measure force or weight by converting the applied force into an electrical signal They work based on the principle of strain gage technology, which utilizes the deformation or strain caused by the applied force.

43. Levan Dzebisashvili Consists of a spring that is stretched by the application of a force, and some kind of scale to determine the magnitude of the force.  The spring gage is based on the physical observation of Hooke's Law Tools   Used   For   Measurement   Of   Applied   Forces

44. Methods   of   Visualizing   the   Flow   of   Air Levan Dzebisashvili We can gain valuable insights into the complex flow phenomena. Identify areas of improvement. Validate computational models or theoretical predictions. Allows for a more intuitive understanding of the flow behavior, aiding in the design and optimization of aerodynamic systems and components. Used to visualize and study the behavior of fluid flow, such as air or water, over a surface.  Based on the principle of flow-sensitive dyes that undergo a color change in response to variations in flow conditions.

45. Levan Dzebisashvili Methods of Visualizing   the Flow of Air Flow-Viz Paint and Tape & String

46. Test Subjects Guram Gelovani

47. Test Subjects Guram Gelovani

48. Guram Gelovani Future Plans and Possible Improvements Actually build the tunnel Write data acquisition software in LabVIEW Learn Ansys for future simulations

49. Sources Guram Gelovani Our Professors in the fields of Hydraulics and Electro-Mechanics NASA's Wind Tunnel Index The e fficient engineer http:// airfoiltools.com/calculator/reynoldsnumber https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/international-standard-atmosphere-d_985.html Difficulties sourcing materials due to high cost and complexity Lack of knowledge in simulation programs needed for accurate simulations Encountered Problems and Challenges

50. Guram Gelovani Danke für  Ihre Aufmerksamkeit