method of caries diagnosis. In dentistry pptx

How do detect and diagnose dental caries

1. International Caries Detection and Assessment System A visual assessment system that uses a standardized scoring system to identify and stage caries lesions based on visual changes to the enamel

2. Visual and Tactile Methods

3. Tactile Examination The use of a dental explorer and floss to feel for tactile changes on the tooth surface, though the use of explorers is cautioned against due to the risk of trauma and transferring bacteria.

4. Radiographic Methods

5. Bitewing Radiography A conventional radiographic method that is particularly effective at detecting caries on the proximal and occlusal surfaces, and is recommended for adolescents.

6. Periapical Radiographs Show the entire tooth and its root, useful for diagnosing decay in anterior teeth and around the root.

7. Digital Radiography A modern form of bitewing that reduces radiation exposure and allows for digital storage and image manipulation, improving the detection of proximal lesions.

8. Advanced Light-Based Methods

9. Fiber Optic Transillumination (FOTI) and DiFOTI These methods use light to reveal lesions as dark spots because the light is absorbed or scattered by the carious tissue.

10. L A ser Fluorescence Devices like the DIAGNOdent use laser fluorescence to detect caries. Sound enamel has a different fluorescence signal than demineralized or carious enamel, allowing for detection and monitoring.

11. Diagnodent It is a portable laser fluorescence system, used to detect early caries lesion

12. Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence (QLF) Similar to fluorescence devices, QLF quantifies the changes in the optical properties of enamel to detect demineralization.

13. Near-Infrared Imaging (NIRI) This technique uses near-infrared light to generate cross-sectional images, providing information about lesion depth and enabling non-radiographic diagnostics.

14. Other Methods

15. Caries Detector Dyes These dyes, such as methyl red, change color in the presence of demineralized tooth structure, aiding in the detection and excavation of carious tissue.

16. Electrical Caries Monitoring Measures electrical impedance changes in tooth structure, noting that demineralized enamel has higher conductivity than healthy enamel