Microbes in bioremediation

This ppt contains all types of Microbial Bioremediation methods . Everyone can understand clearly . Explaining with neat pictures and animation . Useful for presentation about Microbes in bioremediation . At last it contains a small animated video which helps to get clear view .

1. PPT By :- Mohan Kumar M P BRANCH : Biotechnology . engineering Topic ON: MICROBES IN BIOREMEDIATION

2. MICROBES IN BIOREMEDIATION

3. BIOREMEDIATION BIO- LIFE REMEDIATION- TO SOLVE Solving environmental problems using biological organisms Use of living organisms to reduce or eliminate the environmental hazards

4. Bacterial Bioremediation 1) In-situ-ON site Bioremediation a) Intrinsic b) Engineered 2) Ex-situ-OFF site bioremediation a) Slurry-Phase b) Solid-Phase

5. IN-SITU Contaminated site is treated at the Point of Origin . Prevents the spread of contamination during the Displacement and transport of contaminated material Eg : Soil Bioremediation at the site of occurrence

6. INTRINSIC BIOREMEDIATION Conversion of environmental pollution into harmless substances naturally. Depends on the inherent capacity of the microbes that are already present. Utilizes the natural existing micro flora for nutrients & Ventilation .

7. ENGINEERED Engineered system applied when the the intrinsic system is not suitable . Better form of bioremediation . Site is provided with the required Nutrients , air , microbes & other required additives to enhance the bioremediation.

8. EX-situ It is an off-site bioremediation process Takes place above the ground level . Contaminated compound are transferred from the origin site to separately for bioremediation . It includes Solid phase treatment Slurry phase treatment

9. SLURRY-PHASE SYSTEM Occurs in the Bioreactor . Contaminated soil + water + nutrients + oxygen + other additives After bioremediation water is removed off solid waste disposed off treated soil is tested & replaced into the surrounding .

10. SOLID-PHASE TREATMENT Remediation above the ground. Takes place under the controlled temperature, moisture, heat , nutrient . Easy to operate but requires large space . Suitable for organic wastes , domestic industrial waste , municipal solid waste.

11. ENGINEERED TECHNIQUES (IN-SITU) BIOVENTING BIOSPARGING BIOAGUMENTATION BIOSTIMULATION

12. 1.BIOVENTING Process of supplying Oxygen+Nutrient to the contaminated site. Oxygen stimulate the indigenous microbes. A blower or compressor is connected to the air supplying well H 2 O 2, O 2, He , is blow into the well.

13. 2.BIOSPARGING Injection of Air to enhance the biological role of indigenous microbes. Suitable for Benzene, toluene , volatile organic compound , chlorinated ethane , petroleum hydrocorbons , vinyl chloride . Best result seen within 6-months to 2-years. Low air injection rate is enough. Bio-venting is more effective than biosparging .

14. 3.BIOAGUMENTATION Addition of exogenous microbes to enhance the degradation process. Improvement in the efficiency & in the speed of the process . Mainly used for treatment of contaminated water . LIMT: First identification of existing microbial communities , contaminants and its amount .

15. Case study China-coal waste water plant Waste water contains harmful :- thiocyanate , phenols, ammonia & sulfur containing poly-nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Treated with Pseudomonas stutzeri showed best result .

16. Petroleum cleanup Petroleum leakage cause the oil-pit . Total petroleum hydrocarbons = 44,880ppm Performed Bioagumentation with advance strain for 47 days . Level lowered to 6,486ppm.

17. 4.BIOSTIMULATION Addition of I n-organic nutrient to the contaminated sites. Perform to enhance the indigenous microbes. Phosphorus, nitrogen , glutamate , sulfur , Acetate. More effective when combined with Bioagumentation .

18. Solid phase treatment process include: Composting , Landforming & Biopiles

19. 1.Composting Used to convert biodegradable hazardous waste to harmless products . Performed using B ulking agent Bulking agents are straw , manure , agricultural waste , wood waste . Best result can be seen nearly in 20 days. Contaminated soil + Bulking agents at 45°C -65°C

20. Performed well mixing of the contaminant and agents nearly for 40 days Increased in temperature denote the occurrence bioremediation process . Temperature rises is due to the heat produced by the microbes during degradation .

21. 2.LAND FORMING Contaminated soil is excavated and spread over the land . Periodically titled to improve the aeration . Degradation by the indigenous microbe . Performs volatilization than degradation . Mainly lighter hydrocarbons are easily volatilised .

22. 3.BIOPILING Hybrid of land forming and composting . Set up is similar to land forming but compost is added along with the contaminated soil . Provides favourable environment for Indigenous aerobic and anaerobic microbes . First nutrient then contaminated soil is spread up for 20 feet height . Aeration is provided through perforated pipes.

23. Set up is covered with plastic sheet . Microbes + nutrients + aeration – undergoes the Volatilization of the contaminant . Recovered in collection tank .

24. MYCOREMEDIATION Bioremediation using Fungi . Mycelium(vegetative part of fungus : thread like hyphae in the colony) contains extracellular enzymes(function outside of the cell) & acids for remediation . Fungi is the only organism that can degrade wood . White rot fungi and Brown rot fungi .

25. Some important topics in Mycoremediation Fungal enzymes play a very major role in Bioremediation . Fungal bioremediation of municipal solid waste . Bioremediation potential of fungi . Fungal as agent as Bioremediation . Technical advance in fungi bioremediation .

26. Case study Diesel contaminated soil Inoculation of mycelium from oyster mushroom[ Pleurotus ostreatus ]. After 5 weeks nearly 95% of poly hydrocarbons are turned into non-toxic .

27. Pleurotus ostreatus

28. Archaea Bioremediation The role of archaea in bioremediation has not been studied as commonly as that of bacteria. Numbers of researchers have shown their ability to degrade various pollutants. Extreme halophilic archaea has potential to biodegrade pollutants in hypersaline environment, in which bacteria typically used in bioremediation cannot survive or function properly.

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