Milady nail structure

Nail Structure
Nail Anatomy
Nail history

1. MILADY NAIL STRUCTURE & GROWTH History. Structure. Anatomy and Growth .

2. To understand the structure and growth of the natural nail Nail services add revenue & a creative outlet Anatomy & physiology of the nail will help you better recognize abnormalities & disorders

3. TUESDAY- History; Nail facts; Natural Nail WEDNESDAY- Healthy nail; Nail anatomy: plate &bed THURSDAY- Matrix, Lunula, Cuticle; Epo . Hypo. Ligaments Friday- Nail Growth, Malformations; Review

4.   N ails have carried political, social, medical, martial and mythic significance  within various civilizations for centuries Mythology Egyptians Chinese

5. 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s

6. 1970s 1980s 1990s early 2000s NOW 2000s

7. IMMUNITY NON DOMINANT /SELF CONTROL PINS & NEEDLES: ROCK YOUR HEAD

8. THE NATURAL NAIL NATURAL NAIL is the ONYX Onyx is a protective plate made of keratin that is harder than the keratin in skin or hair Located at the end of the finger / toe Appendage of the skin & part of the integumentary system Reflects health of the body

9. THE NATURAL NAIL A normal healthy nail is firm but flexible Shiny, smooth & unspotted No ridges, pitts or splits Whitish, translucent with pink color of nail bed showing through 15-25% of a healthy nail is water Water content varies depending on environment Humid- contains more water The lower the water content, the more ridged the nail becomes Oil based conditioners or nail polish can reduce moisture loss and prevent absorption

10. REVIEW What is something you remember about the history of nails? Why is it important to know about the nail structure? What is the technical term for the nail? What is the nail plate made out of? What body system is it apart of? What are signs of a healthy nail? What is the average water content?

11. NAIL ANATOMY NAIL UNIT includes the: Nail plate Nail bed Matrix Cuticle Eponychium Perionychium Hyponychium Ligaments Nail folds

12. NAIL PLATE NAIL ANATOMY Nail plate is hardened keratin that covers the nail bed Most visible & functional More porous than skin of an equal thickness As it grows, the plate slowly slides across the nail bed Made up of approximately 100 layers of nail cells Free edge extends over the tip of finger or toe FREE EDGE

13. NAIL ANATOMY Nail bed is living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows Pinkish appearance from lunula to free edge Contains blood vessels, nerves Attached by thin layer of tissue called the BED EPITHELIUM Nail polish is applied to the nail plate not the nail bed Bed epithelium

14. NAIL ANATOMY The MATRIX is where the nail plate cells are formed Matrix cells produce the nail plate cells Contains nerves, lymph & blood vessels Nourished, healthy nails create new plate cells Extends from under the nail fold at base of nail plate Growth & appearance of nails is affected by diet, disease and or injury

15. NAIL ANATOMY LUNULA is the visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin Whitish, half moon shape underneath base of nail White color is from reflection of light off the surface of the underlying matrix Every nail has one

16. NAIL ANATOMY Alopecia Vitiligo Psoriasis Hemoglobin Diseases Drug Ingestion Wilsons Disease Exposure to insecticides & pesticides Renal failure Congestive heart failure Diabetes What does your Lunula say about you?

17. REVIEW What are all the parts to the nail unit? What is the difference between the nail plate & the nail bed? What is the nail bed attached to? Where are the nail plate cells formed? What does the matrix supply? Where is the lunula?

18. NAIL ANATOMY CUTICLE is dead colorless tissue attached to natural nail plate Comes from underside of the skin that lies above nail plate It's made to seal the space between plate & living skin EPONYCHIUM is living skin at the base of the natural nail plate covering matrix area NOT THE SAME AS CUTICLE The cuticle detaches from eponychium allowing the seal to form Eponychium is living skin that can be accidentally trimmed when cutting cuticles; it is advised to not trim /attempt to trim the cuticle

19. NAIL ANATOMY PERIONYCHIUM - living skin bordering the root & sides of a fingernail or toenail HYPONYCHIUM - slightly thickened layer of skin under the nail Lies between fingertip & free edge Protective barrier

20. NAIL ANATOMY SPECIALIZED LIGAMENTS are fibrous tissue that attaches nail bed to matrix bed to underlying bone Located at the base of matrix & around edges of nail bed

21. NAIL ANATOMY NAIL FOLDS- are folds of normal skin that surrounds the nail plate Forms the nail groove( furrow ) on each side SIDEWALL is the lateral nail fold Overlaps the side of nail Side Wall/ Lateral nail fold Nail Fold

22. NAIL GROWTH Affected by nutrition, general health & exercise. Average growth is 1/10 to 1/8 inch per month Faster in summer Children's nails grow faster Pregnancy affects nail growth because of hormones Middle nail grows fastest Thumbnail is slowest Toenails grow slower but are harder/thicker because matrix is longer

23. REVIEW What is the cuticle? What purpose does the cuticle serve? What is the difference between the cuticle and the eponychium? What is the difference between perionychium and the hyponychium? What is the tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones? Where are the ligaments located? What affects nail growth? What is the average nail growth? Which nail grows the fastest?

24. NAIL MALFORMATIONS Abnormal shape Temporary or permanent Disease, injury, infection Shape & thickness is affected Replacement can take 4-6 months Toenail replacement takes 9- 12 months Healthy matrix results in a healthy new nail Grooves can develop from lack of new cell growth in matrix ( aging )

25. What is the technical term for the natural nail? How should a healthy nail look? What are the 9 basic parts of the nail unit What's the difference between the nail plate & the nail bed? Bed, matrix, plate, cuticle, eponychium , perionychium , hyponychium , ligaments, nail folds Onyx Firm, flexible, smooth, shiny Nail bed supports nail plate, plate is formed of cells & is most visible / functional

26. What is the water content of a nail? How many layers of cells are there in the nail plate? What is the average growth per month? What dead tissue adheres to the natural nail plate? 15-25% 100 1/10 inch 1/10 inch Cuticle

27. Which finger grows the fastest? Blood vessels for nourishment are found where? Living skin at base of nail that covers matrix is the what? What is the protein nails are made of? Eponychium Middle Nail bed Keratin