MindMap-subfieldsoflinguistic.pdf (materia ingles)

Linguistics is defined as the scientific study of human language. However, because the study of language encompasses a large number of more specific disciplines, linguistics is often divided into a number of subfields. People who study linguistics are known as linguists. Grammar is the study of the set of structural rules governing the composition of words, phrases, and clauses in any given natural language. Grammar also refers to the set of structural rules. People who study grammar are known as grammarians. The following sections provide definitions of the major subfields of linguistics.

1. SUBFIELDSSUBFIELDS
DEFINITION
Is defined as the scientific study of human
language. However, because the study of
language encompasses a large number of
more specific disciplines, linguistics is
often divided into a number of subfields.
of linguistic
SEMANTICS
Is the study of meaning in a language. The
subfield of semantics focuses on the relationship
between words and referents, the relationship
between words and language users, and the
relationship between words and other words.
SYNTAXS
Is the study of word order of a language.
The subfield of syntax examines the ways in
which structures that are larger than a
word such as phrases and clauses are
constructed within a language.
MORPHOLOGY
Morphology is the study of the internal
structure of words in a language. The
subfield of morphology focuses on what
makes a word and what determines
when a word changes form.
PHONOLOGY
Is the scientific study of the
organization and use of human
speech sounds, or phonemes, in a
language. A phoneme is the smallest
contrastive unit of sound in the sound
system of a language.
PHONETICS
Is the study of human speech sounds, which
includes articulation or the study of how and
where speech sounds are produced in the human
speech organs; the study of the characteristics of
speech sounds including volume, amplitude, and
frequency; and the study of how speech sounds
are perceived by the human ear and brain.
By: Joselyn Agrazal

2. Linguistics is the study of human
language. These areas of study —
phonetics, phonology, morphology,
lexicology, syntax, semantics, and
pragmatics — are the major
subfields of linguistics that
linguists study.
SEMANTICS
For example, the semantics of the
English personal pronouns I and me
indicates that both words have the same
referent, the person speaking.
SYNTAXS
For example, the predicate in the English
language may consist of verb, verb-subject
complement, verb-direct object, verb-direct
object-object complement, verb-indirect
object-direct object, or verb-verb phrase
complement. MORPHOLOGY
For example, the plurals of most
English nouns are formed by
affixing the morphological suffix -s
to the end of the noun.
PHONOLOGY
For example, the words bye and pie
contrast in the English language
because of the difference between
the [b] and [p] sounds.
PHONETICS
For example, the vowel [i] is
produced in the upper front of the
mouth with a tensed tongue and
unrounded lips.
SUBFIELDSSUBFIELDS
of linguistic
By: Joselyn Agrazal